Jefferson IB Bio YR1 SL FALL Review 2023

Front

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

Back

The secondary structure of a protein refers to the local folding or coiling of the amino acid chain into structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets, stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

Front

Outline the central dogma of molecular biology.

Back

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information: DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Front

Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of the leading strand during DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What type of reaction is a condensation reaction?

Back

A condensation reaction is an anabolic reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, releasing a small molecule such as water.

Front

What is the result of linking two sugars together?

Back

When two monosaccharides are linked together, the resulting molecule is called a disaccharide.

Front

Define primary structure in proteins.

Back

The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain, determined by the gene encoding the protein.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow for replication.

Front

What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions?

Back

Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones and require energy, while catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones and release energy.

Front

What is a dipeptide?

Back

A dipeptide is a molecule formed when two amino acids are linked together by a peptide bond.

Front

What is the function of RNA polymerase?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during the process of transcription.