DNA and RNA review

Front

What is the structure of a DNA molecule?

Back

A DNA molecule has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

How many amino acids are coded by a sequence of 12 nucleotides?

Back

A sequence of 12 nucleotides codes for 4 amino acids, as each amino acid is coded by a sequence of 3 nucleotides.

Front

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by transcribing the genetic information from DNA and translating it into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is transcription in the context of DNA and RNA?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What makes up the sides of the DNA ladder?

Back

The sides of the DNA ladder are made up of alternating sugar and phosphate groups.

Front

What is the complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

Back

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes and plays a key role in protein synthesis.