Fall Final Review

Front

What is a nitrogenous base?

Back

A nitrogenous base is a molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base. It is a fundamental component of nucleotides, which make up DNA and RNA.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the need for energy input, typically occurring along the concentration gradient.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) using energy, usually in the form of ATP.

Front

What is ATP?

Back

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy carrier in living organisms, used to power various cellular processes.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is a phosphate group?

Back

A phosphate group is a functional group consisting of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, important in energy transfer and storage in cells.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a process by which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels, requiring no energy.

Front

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Back

Dynamic equilibrium is a state in which the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, even though reactions are still occurring.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.