Unit 4 Review: Cell Comm. and Division (AP)

Front

What is the role of spindle fibers in cell division?

Back

Spindle fibers are structures that help separate chromosomes during cell division by attaching to kinetochores and pulling the chromosomes apart.

Front

What term describes DNA that appears uncoiled and disorganized in the nucleus of a cell?

Back

Chromatin.

Front

During which phase of mitosis does the nucleus start to break down and spindle fibers attach to kinetochores?

Back

Prometaphase of mitosis.

Front

TRUE or FALSE: Cancer cells can often stimulate their own growth and division through autocrine signaling of growth factors.

Back

True.

Front

What enzyme adds phosphates to proteins to activate them?

Back

Kinase.

Front

What is the function of the centromere during cell division?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

Define apoptosis in the context of cell division.

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, which is crucial for maintaining healthy tissue and eliminating damaged cells.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What is the significance of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The G1 phase is the first gap phase where the cell grows, synthesizes proteins, and prepares for DNA replication.

Front

What role do growth factors play in cell division?

Back

Growth factors are signaling molecules that stimulate cell division and proliferation by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface.