AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 4.7*: Regulation of Cell Cycle

Front

What is the G1 checkpoint responsible for?

Back

The G1 checkpoint determines whether the cell will divide, assessing the cell's size, nutrients, and DNA integrity.

Front

What is the role of the M checkpoint in the cell cycle?

Back

The M checkpoint inhibits nondisjunction, ensuring that chromosomes are properly aligned and attached to the spindle before separation.

Front

How do cyclin and CdK levels change during the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin levels increase while CdK levels remain constant throughout the cell cycle.

Front

What does the G2 checkpoint verify?

Back

The G2 checkpoint verifies that DNA has been accurately replicated and that there are no errors before the cell enters mitosis.

Front

In which phase of the cell cycle is the M checkpoint located?

Back

The M checkpoint is located in the Metaphase of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

Checkpoints are critical control mechanisms that ensure the proper progression of the cell cycle and prevent errors such as DNA damage or improper chromosome segregation.

Front

What happens if a cell fails the G1 checkpoint?

Back

If a cell fails the G1 checkpoint, it may enter a resting state (G0) or undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death).

Front

What is cyclin-dependent kinase (CdK)?

Back

CdK is an enzyme that, when activated by cyclin, helps to regulate the cell cycle by phosphorylating target proteins.

Front

What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating CdKs, which in turn control the progression through different phases.

Front

What is nondisjunction and how is it related to the M checkpoint?

Back

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division, which the M checkpoint helps to prevent.