AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 1.4: Properties of Bio Macromolecules

Front

What type of fatty acid has double bonds to inhibit compression?

Back

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chain, which prevents the molecules from packing tightly together, thus inhibiting compression.

Front

If R group is polar, how does the section fold? Why?

Back

If the R group is polar, the section folds out because it is hydrophilic, allowing it to interact with the aqueous environment.

Front

Hydrophilic side chains will fold ___ of the polypeptide.

Back

Hydrophilic side chains will fold towards the exterior of the polypeptide, exposing them to the aqueous environment.

Front

Which describes polarity of phospholipids?

Back

Phospholipids have a polar head that faces the exterior and fatty acid tails that face the interior, creating a bilayer.

Front

Which of the following is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Back

The monomer of nucleic acids is a nucleotide, which consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in biological systems?

Back

The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy and serve as structural components in cells.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which link together to form polypeptides.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Back

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (polar) head and two hydrophobic (nonpolar) fatty acid tails.