Biology Semester Exam Review Part 1

Front

What are prokaryotes?

Back

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria.

Front

What is a semi-permeable membrane?

Back

A semi-permeable membrane allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others. For example, the cell membrane of red blood cells allows water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass.

Front

What happens during diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front

Where can cell membranes be found?

Back

Cell membranes are found in all eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris, acting as the cell's 'trash collector'.

Front

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Front

What is the role of the mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is the structure of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.