Understanding Respiration in Organisms

Front

What is the primary molecule that provides energy to cells for metabolic reactions?

Back

ATP

Answer explanation

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells, providing the necessary energy for metabolic reactions. While glucose is a source of energy, it is ultimately converted into ATP for cellular use.

Front

Which process do cells use to convert glucose into ATP?

Back

Respiration

Answer explanation

Cells use respiration to convert glucose into ATP. This process involves breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy, which is stored in the form of ATP, making respiration the correct choice.

Front

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Back

Oxygen + Glucose → Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP

Answer explanation

The correct word equation for aerobic respiration is Oxygen + Glucose → Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP. This reflects the process where glucose and oxygen are used to produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

Chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

Back

Answer explanation

The correct equation for aerobic respiration is 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP. This shows glucose (C6H12O6) reacting with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and energy (ATP).

Front

Where does aerobic respiration occur within the cell?

Back

Mitochondria

Answer explanation

Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria, which are known as the powerhouse of the cell. They are responsible for producing ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, utilizing oxygen.

Front

What is produced during anaerobic respiration in human muscles?

Back

Lactic Acid

Answer explanation

During anaerobic respiration in human muscles, glucose is broken down without oxygen, resulting in the production of lactic acid. This process occurs when energy demands exceed oxygen supply.

Front

During vigorous exercise, why do muscles switch to anaerobic respiration?

Back

Lack of oxygen

Answer explanation

During vigorous exercise, the demand for oxygen exceeds supply, leading muscles to switch to anaerobic respiration. This process allows for energy production without oxygen, but it results in lactic acid buildup.

Front

What is the main disadvantage of anaerobic respiration compared to aerobic respiration?

Back

Produces less ATP

Answer explanation

The main disadvantage of anaerobic respiration is that it produces less ATP compared to aerobic respiration. While anaerobic processes are faster, they yield significantly lower energy, making them less efficient for energy production.

Front

What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in plants?

Back

Ethanol

Answer explanation

In plants, anaerobic respiration primarily produces ethanol and carbon dioxide. This process occurs when oxygen is scarce, making ethanol the correct end product, unlike lactic acid which is associated with animal cells.

Front

What is the process called when yeast performs anaerobic respiration?

Back

Fermentation

Answer explanation

The process when yeast performs anaerobic respiration is called fermentation. During fermentation, yeast converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide without the need for oxygen.