Punnett squares and pedigree charts

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two individuals, showing the possible combinations of alleles from each parent.

Front

What does it mean for an allele to be recessive?

Back

A recessive allele is one that is not expressed in the phenotype unless two copies are present (homozygous).

Front

What is a sex-linked trait?

Back

A sex-linked trait is a trait associated with a gene that is carried on one of the sex chromosomes, typically the X chromosome.

Front

What is the expected outcome for the children of a colorblind female carrier and a colorblind male?

Back

50% normal vision, 50% colorblind.

Front

How do you determine the genotype of an individual?

Back

The genotype is determined by the specific alleles an individual carries, which can be identified through genetic testing or Punnett squares.

Front

What does a half-colored symbol represent in a pedigree chart?

Back

A half-colored symbol indicates that the individual is a carrier of the trait.

Front

What is the purpose of a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is used to track the inheritance of traits through generations in a family.

Front

How can you identify cousins in a pedigree chart?

Back

Cousins are typically represented as individuals who share a set of grandparents but have different parents.

Front

What does it mean if an individual has two dominant alleles?

Back

If an individual has two dominant alleles, they are homozygous dominant and will express the dominant trait.

Front

What is the significance of the X chromosome in sex-linked traits?

Back

The X chromosome carries genes that can determine sex-linked traits, and males have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to X-linked recessive disorders.