CHAPTER 3: THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOCTRINE AND DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE

Front

A joint declaration by the Roman emperor Constantine and Licinius in the East in 313 that legalized the practice of Christianity and other religions throughout the Roman Empire.

Back

Edict of Milan.

Answer explanation

The Edict of Milan was a joint declaration by Constantine and Licinius in 313 that legalized Christianity and other religions throughout the Roman Empire.

Front

Christians of about the fourth century who withdrew into the desert to live an ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and abstinence. Their teachings had a profound impact on the theology and spirituality of the Church and the development of monasticism.

Back

Desert Fathers.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Desert Fathers as they were Christians of the fourth century who lived an ascetic life in the desert, influencing theology and monasticism.

Front

The political theory often practiced when Christianity was legalized that held that a secular ruler could also have authority over the Church, including in matters of doctrine.

Back

Caesaropapism.

Answer explanation

Caesaropapism is the correct choice as it refers to the political theory where a secular ruler has authority over the Church, including in matters of doctrine.

Front

Meetings of Catholic bishops from around the world, typically convened in order to discuss and resolve pressing theological topics.

Back

Ecumenical Councils.

Answer explanation

Ecumenical Councils are meetings of Catholic bishops from around the world convened to discuss and resolve pressing theological topics.

Front

All of the following are true about Constantine EXCEPT:
- Constantine allowed free exercise of all religions in the empire.
- Constantine defeated Licinius, and became the sole emperor who united the divided Roman empire.
- Went to the wilderness and gathered man and woman into monastic communities.
- He moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium, and renamed it Constantinople.

Back

Went to the wilderness and gathered man and woman into monastic communities.

Answer explanation

Constantine did not go to the wilderness and gather man and woman into monastic communities, making this statement false.

Front

The legalization of Christianity impacted Christians in many ways. Some of these include all of the following EXCEPT: Christians had to worship in the catacombs, and were continuously martyred for their faith.

Back

Christians had to worship in the catacombs, and were continuously martyred for their faith.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is that Christians had to worship in the catacombs and were continuously martyred for their faith, which is not an impact of the legalization of Christianity.

Front

The final and worst persecution of Christians occurred during the reign of the emperor Galerius (305–311).

Back

True

Answer explanation

The statement is true as the final and worst persecution of Christians occurred during the reign of the emperor Galerius (305–311).

Front

Constantine ordered his soldiers to place a Chi-Rho symbol on their standards. In Greek, chi and rho are the first two letters for what?

Back

The name of Christ.

Answer explanation

The Chi-Rho symbol consists of the first two letters of Christ's name in Greek, making the correct answer choice 'The name of Christ.'

Front

Historian Eusebius wrote that Constantine saw a vision of the Chi-Rho symbol in the sky along with the words:

Back

“In this sign you shall conquer.”

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'In this sign you shall conquer' as it was the vision Constantine saw according to Historian Eusebius.

Front

When Constantine became the sole emperor of the west he made an agreement with Licinious which included: Persecution of Christians would stop and all confiscated property returned to Christians.

Back

Persecution of Christians would stop and all confiscated property returned to Christians.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Persecution of Christians would stop and all confiscated property returned to Christians.' This agreement was made between Constantine and Licinius when Constantine became the sole emperor of the west.