What is a dangerous systolic pressure?

Above 180 mmHg — seek medical care.

Name four factors that can affect blood pressure.

1. Stress or emotions 2. Diet (especially salt intake) 3. Exercise level 4. Genetics or underlying health conditions

What causes the 'lub dub' sound of the heart?

The closing of heart valves (AV valves = 'lub', semilunar valves = 'dub').

What is the normal heart rate range?

60–100 bpm (beats per minute).

A recording of the electrical activity of the heart.

What does the P wave represent in an ECG?

Depolarization of the atria (atrial contraction - systole).

What does the QRS complex represent in an ECG?

Depolarization of the ventricles (ventricular contraction - systole).

What does the T wave represent in an ECG?

Repolarization of the ventricles.

What is the function of the Sinoatrial (SA) Node?

It is the 'Pacemaker,' generating rhythmic impulses.

What is the function of the Atrioventricular (AV) Node?

Conducts impulses to ventricles.

What is the A-V Bundle (Bundle of His)?

It splits into right and left branches.

What do Purkinje Fibers do?

Spread through ventricles, causing contraction.

What controls the cardiac cycle?

The cardiac center in the medulla oblongata.

Strong, elastic vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

Thinner vessels carrying blood toward the heart.

What are capillaries?

Tiny vessels allowing exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues.

What are precapillary sphincters?

They regulate blood flow into capillaries.

Name three factors aiding venous return.

1. Skeletal muscle contractions 2. Diaphragm movement (breathing) 3. Valves in veins

Name four factors affecting blood pressure.

1. Cardiac output 2. Blood volume 3. Blood viscosity 4. Peripheral resistance

What is the pulmonary trunk?

It splits into left and right pulmonary arteries (to lungs).

What do pulmonary veins do?

Return blood from lungs to left atrium.

What do the superior & inferior vena cava do?

Bring blood from body to right atrium.

What does the brachiocephalic artery branch into?

Right Subclavian (arms), Right Common Carotid (head/neck).

Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome / Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.

What is a defibrillator?

A device that delivers an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

What is MVP (Mitral Valve Prolapse)?

Mitral valve doesn’t close properly.

What is a myocardial infarction?

Heart attack, due to blocked coronary artery.

Narrowing of heart valves or vessels.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; combines chest compressions and rescue breaths to keep blood and oxygen moving.

What are heart murmurs?

Abnormal heart sounds due to turbulent blood flow.

Cardiovascular System Overview Flashcards

Student preview

55 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is systole?

Back

The contraction of a heart chamber.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is diastole?

Back

The relaxation of a heart chamber.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What happens to the aortic valve during ventricular systole?

Back

The aortic valve is open.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What happens to the aortic valve during diastole?

Back

The aortic valve is closed.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What does blood pressure measure?

Back

The force of blood against vessel walls.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

When is blood pressure the greatest?

Back

During systole, the first, larger number in a blood pressure reading.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the smaller number in a blood pressure reading?

Back

Diastole, when the heart relaxes.

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