Biology Keystone Review

Front

What action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?

Back

A substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme.

Front

Which characteristic is shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Options: have organ systems, make their own food, contain genetic material, need oxygen gas to breathe

Back

contain genetic material

Front

Why is carbon able to form a large number of different molecules?

Back

carbon can form four covalent bonds

Front

Which statement correctly describes how a protein is formed?

Back

Amino acids are bonded together in a long chain to form a new molecule.

Front

Which biological molecules are most likely represented by molecules 1 and 2? Molecule #1: made mostly of carbon with two nonpolar chains & a polar head; main component of cell membrane Molecule #2: polar molecule made of repeating units of sugar bonded to a phosphate & a nitrogenous base; stores genetic information

Back

molecule 1: lipid molecule; molecule 2: nucleic acid

Front

Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down lipids in the digestive system of humans. It functions best at a pH range of 4.0 to 5.0. When a person takes an antacid tablet to relieve heartburn, the antacid increases the pH to around 7 in certain areas of the digestive system. Which initial effect would most likely be caused by a change in pH?

Back

fewer lipids would be digested

Front

Difference in energy acquisition between Organism 1 and Organism 2 based on cell structures: Organism 1: cell wall, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, chloroplasts, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes, vacuole. Organism 2: cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes.

Back

Only organism 1 uses solar energy to make energy-rich compounds.

Front

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related in a green plant leaf cell?

Back

Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.

Front

A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?

Back

the reaction required an input of energy

Front

How are channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane similar?

Back

Both allow for the flow of molecules into and out of a cell.