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Gilded Age

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Period of rapid economic growth, industrialization, and urbanization in the late 19th century, marked by wealth disparities and political corruption.

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Urbanization

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The growth and expansion of cities due to migration and industrial job opportunities.

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Industrialization

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The process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

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Manufacturing

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The production of goods in factories using machinery and labor.

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Factories

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Buildings where goods are produced, often with large numbers of workers.

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Transportation

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Systems for moving people and goods, crucial during the Gilded Age (railroads, streetcars, trolleys).

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Railroads

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The backbone of industrial transport, connecting cities and enabling mass movement of goods and people.

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Major industrial and urban centers during the Gilded Age

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New York City, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburgh.

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Rust Belt

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Region in the Northeast and Midwest known for heavy industry and manufacturing, later declined economically.

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Tenements

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Overcrowded, poorly built apartment buildings where many urban workers lived.