Houpt Week 5 Vocab - Reformation

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criticism

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the expression of disapproval of someone or something based on perceived faults or mistakes; similar words: critic (someone who gives a criticism) and critique (the actual comment)

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indulgences

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a system created by the Catholic Church where the Pope and priests would offer forgiveness of sins; eventually they were offered for sale as partial or full pardons and people would buy them.

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thesis

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a statement of perceived truth or a proposition for academic debate and discussion (different from thesis in an essay)

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heresy

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a denial of core beliefs, or contrary statement to the fundamental religious teachings; It was seen as a rejection of the Church's God-given authority

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reformers

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a person who worked to correct the perceived spiritual failings and institutional corruption of the medieval Catholic Church

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Martin Luther

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wrote the 95 theses that kickstarted the Protestant Reformation, and founder of the Lutheran Church

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Protestantism

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the reform movement against the Catholic Church in the 16th century that formed the new Christian denominations outside the authority of the Pope.

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Jesuits

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key figures in the Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation, serving as intellectual leaders, educators, and missionaries who worked to solidify Catholic doctrine, combat heresy, and re-establish the Church's influence.