CAST Life Science Vocab Review 1

Front

Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell?

Back

Mitochondrion: The organelle responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. True or False?

Back

True: Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not have a defined nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

Front

In DNA, the nitrogenous base adenine (A) pairs with ____________.

Back

Thymine (T): In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine through hydrogen bonds.

Front

The process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells is called ____________.

Back

Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

Front

Lipids are soluble in water. True or False?

Back

False: Lipids are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in water.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Front

Define cellular respiration.

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids: The organic compounds that combine to form proteins.