Brain and Spinal Cord Notes

Brain and Spinal Cord Notes

Multiple Select

What are the 4 major regions of the brain?

• Cerebrum

• Diencephalon

• Frontal cortex

• Brain Stem

• Cerebellum

Multiple Choice

The somatosensory area are located in the

• frontal lobe

• parietal lobe

• temporal lobe

• occipital lobe

Multiple Choice

Which lobe is known for “higher-cognitive functions like problem solving and decision making?

• Frontal Lobe
• Parietal Lobe
• Temporal Lobe
• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

What is the largest part of the brain?

• Thalamus
• Cerebellum
• Spinal Cord
• Cerebrum

Multiple Choice

Which lobe is primarily responsible for processing and relaying visual cues from the eyes?

• Frontal Lobe
• Temporal Lobe
• Parietal Lobe
• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

Which lobe is responsible for hearing, selective attention, and language comprehension?

• Frontal Lobe
• Temporal Lobe
• Parietal Lobe
• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

Your frontal lobe doesn't develop until your twenties. How does that relate to the fact that people sometimes say, "teenagers have poor impulse control?"

• The frontal lobe is capable of storing massive amounts of information

• Teenagers can't tell similarities and differences

• Teenagers have a hard time determining consequences for their actions

• The frontal lobe controls language

Multiple Choice

A shallow groove on the surface of the cerebral cortex is a

• gyrus

• sulcus

• fissure

• corpus callosum

Multiple Choice

A ridge or fold on the surface of the cerebral cortex is a

• gyrus

• sulcus

• fissure

• corpus callosum

Multiple Choice

The center for thirst is located in the ____.

• thalamus

• cerebrum

• cerebellum

• hypothalamus

Multiple Choice

The hypothalamus is part of the

• cerebrum

• cerebellum

• brain stem

• diencephalon

Multiple Choice

What part of the limbic system filters all sensory input and sends it to the appropriate part of the brain?

• Amygdala

• Thalamus

• Hypothalamus

• Hippocampus

Multiple Choice

Which lobe is known for processing and making sense out of the information gathered by the five senses?

• Frontal Lobe
• Temporal Lobe
• Parietal Lobe
• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

What deep brain structure in the Temporal Lobe is concerned with maintaining homeostasis?

• Hypothalamus
• Hippocampus
• Amygdala
• Medulla Oblongata

Multiple Choice

If you have issues with swallowing, you should look to the

• Pons

• Medulla Oblongata

• Midbrain

• Cerebellum

Multiple Choice

What part of the Brainstem controls heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion and is also responsible for reflexes like vomiting, sneezing, and coughing?

• Midbrain
• Pons
• Medulla Oblongata
• Hypothalamus

Multiple Choice

Which part of the brain controls messages between the cerebrum and the spinal cord.

• Parietal Lobe

• Cerebellum

• Brain Stem

• Spinal Cord

Multiple Choice

Which part of the brain controls balance?

• cerebrum
• cerebellum
• brainstem

Multiple Choice

The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

• pia mater
• CSF
• lymph 
• tissue fluid

Multiple Choice

The innermost layer of meninges that supplies blood vessels to the brain

• pia mater

• dura mater

• arachnoid mater

Multiple Choice

The thin, web-like membrane between the outer and inner layer of meninges

• dura mater
• pia mater
• arachnoid mater

Multiple Choice

Function: to ensure a stable environment in & around the brain

• cerebrospinal fluid

• epidural space

• dural sinuses

• blood brain barrier

Multiple Choice

Concussions are caused by the brain doing what?

• Swelling

• Bleeding

• Shrinking

• Bouncing off the skull

Multiple Choice

A blockage of blood flow or a burst artery that carries blood to the brain may cause

• Spinal cord injury

• A multiple sclerosis

• A stroke

Multiple Choice

A neural pathway that controls a reflex. In vertebrates, most sensory neurons do not pass directly into the brain, but synapse in the spinal cord. This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the brain.

• Motor Neurons

• Brain

• Reflex Arc

• Stimulus

• Response

Multiple Choice

neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

• Motor Neurons

• Brain

• Reflux Arc

• Stimulus

• Response

Multiple Choice

A neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse.

• Motor Neurons

• Brain

• Reflux Arc

• Stimulus

• Sensory Neuron

Multiple Choice

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates around the brain between the

• skull and dura mater.

• dura mater and arachnoid mater.

• arachnoid and pia maters.

• pia mater and brain surface.

Multiple Choice

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

• 31

• 30

• 12

• 7

Multiple Choice

1. The spinal cord in the adult ends inferiorly at the level of:

• L. 3

• S. 2-3

• T12

• Ll

• L5

Multiple Choice

Which of the following transmits information from the spinal cord to the extremities of the body?

• ventral roots

• dorsal roots

• dorsal root ganglia

Multiple Choice

Which of the following transmits information from the PNS to the CNS?

• ventral roots

• dorsal roots

• dorsal root ganglia

Multiple Choice

any event or situation that evokes a response

• Motor Neurons

• Brain

• Reflux Arc

• Stimulus

• Response

Multiple Choice

An action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus.

• Motor Neurons

• Brain

• Reflux Arc

• Stimulus

• Response

Multiple Choice

Which of the following spinal cord ascending tracts conveys sensory information about which we become consciously aware?

• Dorsal column
• Ventral column
• Dorsal horn
• Central Canal

Multiple Choice

In a cross section of the spinal cord, the peripheral ventral white portion consists of __________ forming nerve tracts, and the central gray portion consists of __________ , dendrites, and axons.

• Unmyelinated axons, neuron cell bodies
• Myelinated axons, sensory receptors
• Myelinated axons, neuron cell bodies
• Myelinated neurotransmitters, axons

Multiple Choice

Given these components of a reflex: 
1. association neuron
2. skeletal muscle
3. afferent neuron
4. efferent neuron
5. sensory receptor

Choose the sequence below that best represents the order followed in a reflex, from stimulus to response.

• 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 
• 5, 3, 2, 4, 1
• 5, 4, 3, 1, 2
• 5, 3, 1, 4, 2

Multiple Choice

Paralysis of the lower extremities is __________.

• paraplegia
• hemiplegia
• diplegia
• quadriplegia

Multiple Choice

The membranes covering the brain and spinal cord are the _________.

• thalamus
• ventricles
• meninges
• choroid plexuses

Multiple Choice

Damage to the cervical vertebrae would most likely cause

• Paraplegia

• Quadriplegia