RI 7.3 - Analyzing Interactions in a Text

RI 7.3 - Analyzing Interactions in a Text

Multiple Choice

Recycling and Waste

Have you checked your garbage lately? Are you aware that you are throwing away many materials that could be saved?

If we did simple things like reusing glass, we could reduce our municipal landfill sites by almost 10%. Waste cannot be simply thrown away anymore, now it must be managed. Managing our trash is the "in thing," but it is hardly convenient. Let's face the facts, sealed toxins "won't affect us for a good twenty years." But it will affect our children and our children's children. Although this may be true, there are still many advantages to waste management.

Today, more people are in favor of companies who invest in "green products." As a result, companies have removed phosphates, bleaches, and have made their paper products out of recycled papers. At home, families, are saving things, like leftovers, and making sandwiches for the next day. Industries are also manufacturing most of their Christmas cards out of recycled paper, since it takes 20 trees to make a ton of it. Finally, small businesses are doing Christmas tree pickups, and reuse them for preventing erosion in stream beds, and as fertilizer.

Compared to several years ago, people have begun to see that there is a problem. We are beginning to deal with it, but we still have a long way to go.

Which of the following ideas does the author introduce first?

• The benefits of recycling

• The solution from families

• The problem of waste

• The solution from small businesses

EXPLANATION

Before the author shows the advantages of recycling, he shows the problem of waste. Before you can offer a solution, you have to show that there is a problem that exists that needs a solution.

ANSWER C- The problem of waste

Multiple Choice

Recycling and Waste

Have you checked your garbage lately? Are you aware that you are throwing away many materials that could be saved?

If we did simple things like reusing glass, we could reduce our municipal landfill sites by almost 10%. Waste cannot be simply thrown away anymore, now it must be managed. Managing our trash is the "in thing," but it is hardly convenient. Let's face the facts, sealed toxins "won't affect us for a good twenty years." But it will affect our children and our children's children. Although this may be true, there are still many advantages to waste management.

Today, more people are in favor of companies who invest in "green products." As a result, companies have removed phosphates, bleaches, and have made their paper products out of recycled papers. At home, families, are saving things, like leftovers, and making sandwiches for the next day. Industries are also manufacturing most of their Christmas cards out of recycled paper, since it takes 20 trees to make a ton of it. Finally, small businesses are doing Christmas tree pickups, and reuse them for preventing erosion in stream beds, and as fertilizer.

Compared to several years ago, people have begun to see that there is a problem. We are beginning to deal with it, but we still have a long way to go.

What is the last example the author uses to show support for the idea that recycling is beneficial?

• Small businesses are doing Christmas tree pickups, and reuse them for preventing erosion in stream beds, and as fertilizer.

• Families, are saving things, like leftovers, and making sandwiches for the next day.

• Individuals are saving and recycling glass.

• Industries

  are also manufacturing most of their Christmas cards out of recycled paper.

EXPLANATION

If you follow the sequence in the second body paragraph, you’ll see that the topic is over how companies are manufacturing “green products” to people who are environmental friendly. Later, the author waits until the last portion of the paragraph to show how small businesses themselves are helping to recycle.

ANSWER A-Small businesses are doing Christmas tree pickups, and reuse them for preventing erosion in stream beds, and as fertilizer.

Multiple Choice

About the FBI

Have you ever wanted to work for the FBI? Here is a little history on the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

The FBI started in 1908. It was known as the Bureau of Investigation then. On July 26, 1908, the Attorney General selected ten Special Agents of the Bureau of Investigation. They were called the Special Agent Task Force. In 1933, the Bureau’s name was changed to the Division of Investigation. It was changed again in 1935 to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It is known as that today.

All agents carry a special wallet that has their picture in it. They use this wallet to identify themselves to people when they are working. It is called a credential. There are two different kinds of credentials. They change depending on which division in the FBI you work in and your rank as an agent.

The FBI has changed what they investigate as the times have changed. In 1908, there were different crimes than the crimes that exist today. Also, there were fewer types of crimes than today. A good example of this is car theft. In 1908, almost no one had a car. As more people bought cars, the number of car thefts increased.

Many years ago, the FBI investigated crimes like bank robbery, kidnapping, and car thefts that go across state lines. Today, there are over 350 violations of the law that the FBI investigates. The different violations are broken down into several categories. The FBI looks into violent crime, organized crime, white collar crime, terrorism, foreign counterintelligence, civil rights, and applicant matters.

The FBI has many ways of solving those crimes and finding the criminals. One of them is through fingerprint identification. Fingerprints are a great way to tell people apart because everyone’s fingerprints are unique. This means that no two people in the world have the same fingerprints! Other ways of identifying people, like hair color, height, and weight, may change as a person gets older. Fingerprints stay the same no matter what.

There are over 250 million sets of fingerprint records on file. If all the fingerprint cards on file were stacked on top of one another, they would equal 133 stacks, each the size of the Empire State Building! Finding space to keep all of these fingerprint cards is difficult. This is one of the reasons the FBI is now putting cards in a digital format. That means the images can be stored on computers. All fingerprint cards at the FBI are eight-inch squares, a little smaller than a piece of notebook paper, and are thinner than a piece of cardboard. The FBI gets over 37,000 of these fingerprint cards every day, seven days a week! 32% of these cards now come to the FBI as digital images.

Not all fingerprint cards on file are of criminals. Some records are civil prints. Civil prints are taken of people who work for the government or apply for a job with the government. Still interested in being an agent? Check out the FBI’s official website for more information: www.fbi.gov.

What effect do digital fingerprints have on the FBI?

adapted from http://www.fbi.gov/kids/k5th/aboutus1.htm

• They are not as easily shared and take up more space.

• They are stored more easily and take up less space.

• They take longer to get to the FBI and take up more space.

• They are more difficult to store and take up less space.

EXPLANATION

Look at paragraph 7. It says, "Finding space to keep all of these fingerprint cards is difficult. This is one of the reasons the FBI is now putting cards in a digital format so that the images can be stored on computers." Because the fingerprint cards are in a digital format (cause), they can be stored more easily on a computer, taking up less space (effect).

ANSWER B- They are stored more easily and take up less space

Multiple Choice

About the FBI

Have you ever wanted to work for the FBI? Here is a little history on the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

The FBI started in 1908. It was known as the Bureau of Investigation then. On July 26, 1908, the Attorney General selected ten Special Agents of the Bureau of Investigation. They were called the Special Agent Task Force. In 1933, the Bureau’s name was changed to the Division of Investigation. It was changed again in 1935 to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It is known as that today.

All agents carry a special wallet that has their picture in it. They use this wallet to identify themselves to people when they are working. It is called a credential. There are two different kinds of credentials. They change depending on which division in the FBI you work in and your rank as an agent.

The FBI has changed what they investigate as the times have changed. In 1908, there were different crimes than the crimes that exist today. Also, there were fewer types of crimes than today. A good example of this is car theft. In 1908, almost no one had a car. As more people bought cars, the number of car thefts increased.

Many years ago, the FBI investigated crimes like bank robbery, kidnapping, and car thefts that go across state lines. Today, there are over 350 violations of the law that the FBI investigates. The different violations are broken down into several categories. The FBI looks into violent crime, organized crime, white collar crime, terrorism, foreign counterintelligence, civil rights, and applicant matters.

The FBI has many ways of solving those crimes and finding the criminals. One of them is through fingerprint identification. Fingerprints are a great way to tell people apart because everyone’s fingerprints are unique. This means that no two people in the world have the same fingerprints! Other ways of identifying people, like hair color, height, and weight, may change as a person gets older. Fingerprints stay the same no matter what.

There are over 250 million sets of fingerprint records on file. If all the fingerprint cards on file were stacked on top of one another, they would equal 133 stacks, each the size of the Empire State Building! Finding space to keep all of these fingerprint cards is difficult. This is one of the reasons the FBI is now putting cards in a digital format. That means the images can be stored on computers. All fingerprint cards at the FBI are eight-inch squares, a little smaller than a piece of notebook paper, and are thinner than a piece of cardboard. The FBI gets over 37,000 of these fingerprint cards every day, seven days a week! 32% of these cards now come to the FBI as digital images.

Not all fingerprint cards on file are of criminals. Some records are civil prints. Civil prints are taken of people who work for the government or apply for a job with the government. Still interested in being an agent? Check out the FBI’s official website for more information: www.fbi.gov.

Why does the FBI change what they investigate?

adapted from http://www.fbi.gov/kids/k5th/aboutus1.htm

• because the President makes them change what crimes they investigate

• because they get bored investigating the same crimes over and over

• because the kinds of crimes change as the times and people change

• because they don't like to investigate the same kind of crime twice

EXPLANATION

Look at paragraph 4 again. It says "The FBI has changed what they investigate as the times change. In 1908, there were different crimes than those that exist today. Also, there were fewer types of crimes than today." In this cause-effect relationship, the FBI has had to change what crimes they investigate (effect) because the kinds of crimes that happen have changed (cause).

ANSWER C- because the kinds of crimes change as the times and people change

Multiple Choice

About the FBI

Have you ever wanted to work for the FBI? Here is a little history on the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

The FBI started in 1908. It was known as the Bureau of Investigation then. On July 26, 1908, the Attorney General selected ten Special Agents of the Bureau of Investigation. They were called the Special Agent Task Force. In 1933, the Bureau’s name was changed to the Division of Investigation. It was changed again in 1935 to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It is known as that today.

All agents carry a special wallet that has their picture in it. They use this wallet to identify themselves to people when they are working. It is called a credential. There are two different kinds of credentials. They change depending on which division in the FBI you work in and your rank as an agent.

The FBI has changed what they investigate as the times have changed. In 1908, there were different crimes than the crimes that exist today. Also, there were fewer types of crimes than today. A good example of this is car theft. In 1908, almost no one had a car. As more people bought cars, the number of car thefts increased.

Many years ago, the FBI investigated crimes like bank robbery, kidnapping, and car thefts that go across state lines. Today, there are over 350 violations of the law that the FBI investigates. The different violations are broken down into several categories. The FBI looks into violent crime, organized crime, white collar crime, terrorism, foreign counterintelligence, civil rights, and applicant matters.

The FBI has many ways of solving those crimes and finding the criminals. One of them is through fingerprint identification. Fingerprints are a great way to tell people apart because everyone’s fingerprints are unique. This means that no two people in the world have the same fingerprints! Other ways of identifying people, like hair color, height, and weight, may change as a person gets older. Fingerprints stay the same no matter what.

There are over 250 million sets of fingerprint records on file. If all the fingerprint cards on file were stacked on top of one another, they would equal 133 stacks, each the size of the Empire State Building! Finding space to keep all of these fingerprint cards is difficult. This is one of the reasons the FBI is now putting cards in a digital format. That means the images can be stored on computers. All fingerprint cards at the FBI are eight-inch squares, a little smaller than a piece of notebook paper, and are thinner than a piece of cardboard. The FBI gets over 37,000 of these fingerprint cards every day, seven days a week! 32% of these cards now come to the FBI as digital images.

Not all fingerprint cards on file are of criminals. Some records are civil prints. Civil prints are taken of people who work for the government or apply for a job with the government. Still interested in being an agent? Check out the FBI’s official website for more information: www.fbi.gov.

What caused the FBI to put more fingerprint cards in a digital format?

adapted from http://www.fbi.gov/kids/k5th/aboutus1.htm

• It was harder to find space on the computers for fingerprint cards.

• The head of the FBI wanted to look at fingerprints on his computer.

• It was harder to find space for hard copies of fingerprint cards.

• Their computers would not work without digital fingerprint cards.

EXPLANATION

Look at paragraph 7. It says, "Finding space to keep all of these fingerprint cards is difficult. This is one of the reasons the FBI is now putting cards in a digital format so that the images can be stored on computers." This is a cause-effect relationship. The FBI put more fingerprint cards in a digital format (effect) because it was harder to find space for the paper fingerprint cards (cause).

ANSWER C- It was harder to find space for hard copies of fingerprint cards.

Multiple Choice

The Future of Aircraft Design

Researchers at NASA are helping aircraft designers build better aircraft. They are studying things like how to make aircraft quieter, lighter, and stronger. Better aircraft designs will help protect the environment. They will use less fuel and make less noise. They will also make it easier for more people to travel faster and farther, without delays.

Most aircraft today are made up of separate parts that are joined together. These parts include the wings, body and tail. Researchers at NASA Langley Research Center are testing new technologies that will help an aircraft change its shape as it flies. This means these parts will no longer be separate. Together, they will form one complete aircraft made from new materials that can change shape, or morph.

A morphing aircraft will fly better because it can change the shape of its wings to suit the air forces around it. Birds use a similar method. They use different feathers to control the way they fly. They also have nerves in their wings that help them know certain things like which way the wind is blowing.

Scientists are studying how to place sensors on aircraft so that they act like nerves. Just as we have nerves in order to feel things with our hands, birds have nerves in their wings. These nerves send signals to the bird's brain that then tell its muscles how hard to flap.

The morphing aircraft will use the same idea. Sensors on aircraft wings will feel the wind and tell the aircraft's muscles the best way to fly. In this case, the muscles are small controls placed all over the aircraft that can move and change the shape of the aircraft. These controls are called actuators.

Sensors, actuators, and tiny computers will make up a central nervous system on the aircraft. This system will tell the aircraft when to change the shape of its wings. That will help the aircraft avoid things like bumpy air, or turbulence. The aircraft's body and wings will be made of new, lighter and more bendable materials. All of these things will help it move more easily through the air. They will also make the aircraft safer and more comfortable to ride.

NASA researchers are studying lots of different aircraft designs. They think about things like what job the aircraft will have to do, how fast it will need to fly and where it will need to go. Some of the other ideas they are testing include aircraft that do not need a pilot, small and easy-to-fly aircraft, and super-fast aircraft.

What causes the need for building better aircraft designs?

• a desire for aircraft designs that help protect the environment

• a desire for aircraft designs that change shape to suit the air force around it

• a desire for aircraft designs that include sensors on the surface of the aircraft

• a desire for aircraft designs that use new technologies

EXPLANATION

The passage describes NASA's efforts to create newer and better aircraft designs. They are studying to make the aircraft quieter, lighter and stronger. The newer designs use less fuel and will make less noise, thus helping to protect the environment.

ANSWER A-a desire for aircraft designs that help protect the environment