Claims and evidence in LFBJ

Claims and evidence in LFBJ

A claim is the argument that a writer makes in a persuasive piece of writing

• A piece of writing can have one overarching claim and multiple sub-claims

•  The sub-claim helps to add specific detail to the main claim. - The claim is the central argument, whereas the sub-claims are supporting ideas of this main argument.

Main argument of LFBJ

The presence of injustice necessitates a nonviolent response in order to repair the harms of prejudice and descrimination

• You express a great deal of anxiety over our willingness to break laws. This is certainly a legitimate concern. Since we so diligently urge people to obey the Supreme Court’s decision of 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools, at first glance it may seem rather paradoxical for us consciously to break laws. One may won ask: “How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others?” The answer lies in the fact that there fire two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the Brat to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that “an unjust law is no law at all.” 

Multiple Choice

Which statement best expresses Dr. King’s claim presented in this paragraph?

• It is more important to have a timely response to criticism and prejudice than to maintain moral integrity

• There are two types of laws. Just and unjust. One has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.

• Peace in the South will only be achieved after white supremacists are transformed by the white moderate

• The church’s role in the civil rights movement continues to create tension and alienate followers.

Ethos, Pathos, and Logos

• Logos​ ​(Logical)​ means persuading by the use of reasoning. ...  Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. ● Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.

Multiple Choice

To put it in the terms of St. Thomas Aquinas: An unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal law and natural law" Is an example of:

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos

Multiple Choice

"We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany. is an example of which type of appeal?

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos

Multiple Choice

"to create the kind of tension in society that will help men rise from the dark depths of prejudice and racism to the majestic heights of understanding and brotherhood. …" is an example of:

• Ethos

• Pathos

• Logos

An effective argument has three parts:

• Claim - states the argument

• Evidence - information that supports the argument

• Reasoning - logically connects the evidence to the claim

Let's look at an example

• The answer lies in the fact that there fire two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the Brat to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that “an unjust law is no law at all...

• We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany. Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in German at the time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers. If today I lived in a Communist country where certain principles dear to the Christian faith are suppressed, I would openly advocate disobeying that country’s antireligious laws.

• 
  

Multiple Choice

Which of these parts from paragraph 11 is an example of a CLAIM?

• You express a great deal of anxiety over our willingness to break laws.

• One may won ask: “How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others?”

• The answer lies in the fact that there fire two types of laws: just and unjust. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.

• I would agree with St. Augustine that “an unjust law is no law at all.”

Multiple Choice

Which of these is an example of EVIDENCE?

• We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany.

• Of course, there is nothing new about this kind of civil disobedience

• One who breaks an unjust law must do so openly, lovingly, and with a willingness to accept the penalty.

• “How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others?”

Multiple Choice

Which as an example of REASONING?

• I hope, sirs, you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience.

• You express a great deal of anxiety over our willingness to break laws.

• I hope you are able to ace the distinction I am trying to point out.

• Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in German at the time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers.

• Claim - The answer lies in the fact that there fire two types of laws: just and unjust. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.

• Evidence - We should never forget that everything Adolf Hitler did in Germany was “legal” and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was “illegal.” It was “illegal” to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler’s Germany. 

• Reasoning - Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in German at the time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers.