Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer the stoichiometry question on your warm-up

Kinetic Molecular Theory

• Based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion

• Ideal gas- hypothetical gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory

Multiple Select

Choose the common properties of gases

• high temperature

• nonexpansive

• lot of energy

• slow moving

Kinetic Theory

• 1. Gases consist of large number of tiny particles that are far apart relative to their size

• 2. Collisions between gas particles and between particles and container walls are elastic collisions

• elastic collision- one in which there is no net loss of total kinetic energy

• 3. Gas Particles are in continuous, rapid, random motion.

• 4. There are no forces of attraction between gas particles.

• 5. The temperature of a gas depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles of the gas.

Properties of gases

• Expansive- gases fill any container they are enclosed in and take its shape

• Fluidity- gas particles slide easily past one another like a liquid

• Low density- gases arre about 1/1000 the density of their liquid states.

• Compressibility- a given sample of gas can be greatly decreased

• Diffusion- spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances caused by theri random motion

• Effusion- a process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening into a vacuum

Real gas

• a gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory.

• At high pressures and low temp., gas particles will be close, kinetic energy will not be able to overcome attractive forces. Going against ideal behavior

• Noble gases show ideal behavior over many temps and many pressures

• More polar molecules have greater attractive forces and therfore more likely to deviate from ideal behavior.