CHEMISTRY EXTRAORDINARIO

CHEMISTRY EXTRAORDINARIO

Ions

An ion by definition is an atom that has a different number of electrons relative to their atomic number, meaning that they either lost or gained one or several electrons during a chemical or physical reaction.

Charges

Electrons have a partial negative charge, use this information to answer the following questions.

Open Ended

What's the name of ions that GAINED an electron?

Multiple Choice

What would be the charge of an ion that gained an electron?

• Positive

• Negative

Open Ended

What's the name of ions that LOST an electron?

Multiple Choice

What would be the charge of an ion that lost an electron?

• Positive

• Negative

Multiple Choice

What's the name of the property of atom to attract electrons?

• Malleability

• Electronegativity

• Ductillity

• Compatibility

Acids & Bases, pH

In Chemistry we can measure the acidity or alkalinity of any substance with use of a pH scale.

Multiple Choice

What is the total range of values in this scale?

• 1-16

• 0-20

• 0-7

• 1-5

• 0-14

Acids & Bases, pH

An acid is any substance containing hydrogen that has the capacity of donating a hydrogen ion to any other substance.

Open Ended

What is the range of values from the pH scale that determine if a substance is acidic?

Multiple Select

What are some of the properties of these substances? (Check all that apply)

• Sour taste

• Corrosive

• Bitter Taste

• Highly reactive with metals

• Slippery on touch

Acids & Bases, pH

A base or alkaline substance is any substance that when present in an aqueous solution, releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) into the medium.

Open Ended

What is the range of values from the pH scale that determine if a substance is alkaline?

Multiple Choice

A substance with a pH value of 7.0 is considered a base.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Combining an acid and a base will give as a result a salt.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the pH value of water?

• 5

• 6.5

• 8

• 7

• 10

Oxidative Stress, Free Radicals & Antioxidants

Oxidation refers to the process where Oxygen atomsare added to a substance and take electrons away from it.

Multiple Choice

Oxidative Stress is a natural process that occurs at all times in the cells

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Name of the molecules responsible for causing Oxidative Stress

• Free Radicals

• Antioxidants

• Reducing Agent

• Bases

• Acids

Multiple Choice

Free radicals steal ____ from other molecules present, thus, creating more of them that eventually will trigger a chain reaction.

• Atoms

• Electrons

• Protons

• Chemical Energy

Open Ended

These molecules present in many foods can protect us against oxidative stress by donating electrons to free radicals, preventing the forementioned chain reaction:

Multiple Choice

If oxidation is the lost of electrons in any given atom, what's the name of the event when atoms gain electrons in a reaction?

• Reduction

• Hydrogenation

• Positive Charging

• Conduction

Endothermic & Exothermic Reactions

Multiple Choice

Heat and light are a manifestation of energy, therefore, they possess mass and volume.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Type of chemical reaction where energy as heat and light goes out of the system into its surrounding environment

• Exothermic

• Endothermic

Multiple Choice

If a system experiences a gain of heat, we could say that the energy is flowing in this direction

• Inside the system

• Outside the system

• Up

• Left

• Breaking chemical bonds

Multiple Choice

What is the name of these type of reactions?

• Endothermic

• Exothermic

Multiple Choice

The following are examples of these type of Exothermic Reactions except one:

• Photosynthesis

• Boiling Water

• Ice Melting

• Frying an egg

• Lighting a match

Multiple Choice

Name of the substances that can change the rate of a reaction whether by accelerating it or slowing it down.

• Catalysts

• Chemical Stimulants

• Accelerators

• Reactants

Multiple Choice

Biological catalysts or also known as _______ are widely used in the food industry.

• Enzymes

• Molecules

• Stimulants

• Edulcorants

Open Ended

What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?