Unit 2 Post Test Review Physical Science

Unit 2 Post Test Review Physical Science

by AMY DROEGMILLER

​Solubility

Potassium Nitrate

​According to the graph, what is the maximum approximate mass of KNO3 that would dissolve at 60°C and what is the relationship between temperature and solubility?

Multiple Choice

• The mass is approximately 140 g; increased temperatures lead to a decrease in solubility.

• The mass is approximately 110 g; increased temperatures lead to an increase in solubility.

• The mass is approximately 140 g; increased temperatures lead to an increase in solubility.

• The mass is approximately 110 g; increased temperatures lead to a decrease in solubility.

Multiple Choice

A student wants to write an equation to demonstrate the conservation of atoms in a chemical reaction. Which equation represents a conservation of atoms?

• 2Fe + 2O2 → Fe2O3

• 2Fe + 3O2 → Fe2O3

• 4Fe + 2O2 → 2Fe2O3

• 4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3

Multiple Choice

A student conducted an experiment with hydrogen and oxygen gas to demonstrate that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction. The student summarized the experiment by writing a balanced chemical equation. SPS3.a

2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (l) + energy

What evidence from the experiment could the student use to support their claim?

• The student could use the evidence of the chemical reaction producing a liquid although the reactants are gases

• The student could use the evidence that the mass of the liquid water produced in the reaction is greater than the mass of the H and O gases.

• The student could use the evidence that the mass of the H and O gases in the reactants is the same as the liquid water and energy produced.

• The student could use the evidence that the masses of the gases combined in the reaction will be greater than the liquid water produced.

Multiple Choice

A student is practicing naming compounds. She needs to write the formula for CCl4. Which of the following IUPAC nomenclatures is correct for the compound name?

• Monocarbon tetrachloride

• Carbon tetrachloride

• Carbon chloride

• Monocarbon chloride

​Ionic Trends in Ptable

​Watch the video

​Synthesis Reactions

​When 2 or more reactants come together to produce 1 product.

​

Multiple Choice

Jerry is asked to make a model using the elements calcium and chlorine. He developed the following model of trends for ionic charges, and then he is asked to identify the charges for the elements calcium (Ca) and chlorine (Cl). Is it possible for calcium and chlorine to make a stable compound? Why or Why not?

• Yes, the charges match therefore are balanced and stable.

• No, the charges do not match therefore are not balanced and unstable

• Yes, the charges do not match but can be balanced with multiple atoms stabilizing them.

• No, the charges do not match and cannot be balanced with multiple atoms to stabilize them.

Multiple Choice

Mark is using Jerry’s model of trends for ionic charges. He is trying to make predictions regarding stable compounds.

What elements could Mark predict would combine to form a stable compound? S

• One with a 1+ change, and one with a 2- charge

• Two with a 1+ charge, and one with a 2- charge

• One with a 1+ charge, and two with a 2- charge

• Two with a 1+ charge, and two with a 2- charge

Multiple Choice

Element A Melting Point 44.150C Conductor no

Element B Melting Point 1150C condutor no

Element C Melting Point 6600C conductor yes

A student wants to use a synthesis reaction to create an ionic compound. He is considering Elements A, B, and C as possible reactants. The properties of each element are listed in the table

Which of the following combinations of reactants will be acceptable to use in the synthesis reaction? Choose all that apply.

• A and C

  B and C

• A and B

  B and C

• B and A

  A and C

• None

​Naming Binary Compounds

Multiple Choice

Jake and Cory are completing their lab report on molecular and ionic compounds. In the material section of the report Jake records the name of NaCl as monosodium monochloride. Cory believes Jake has made a mistake. Which statement is the BEST evidence to support Cory’s claim?

• The compound NaCl is ionic therefore does not need the prefixes added to the compound name.

• The compound NaCl is covalent therefore does not need the prefixes added to the compound name.

• The compound NaCl is ionic and needs roman numerals to make the compound name correct.

• The compound NaCl is metallic and needs roman numerals to make the compound name correct.

​pH Indicators

​Litmus

​Red Cabbage

​Universal pH Paper

Multiple Choice

In the laboratory a student tests that calcium hydroxide,(CaOH)2, is a strong base using the litmus test and pH paper. What results from the litmus and pH paper test indicate that (CaOH)2 is a strong base?

• The substance has a pH of 13 and turns red litmus paper blue

• The substance has a pH of 13 and turns blue litmus paper red.

• The substance has a pH of 8 and turns red litmus paper blue.

• The substance has a pH of 8 and turns blue litmus paper red.

Multiple Choice

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that when added to water increases the concentration of H+ ions present. An Arrhenius base is a substance that when added to water increases the concentration of OH- ions present. HCl → H + Cl NaOH → Na + OH What can be expected to happen if the compound KOH is added to water?

• An increase in pH resulting from a release of H+ ions.

• An increase in pH resulting from a release of OH- ions.

• A decrease in pH resulting from a release of H+ ions.

• A decrease in pH resulting from a release of OH- ions.

Multiple Choice

In 1986, a nuclear power plant at Chernobyl, Ukraine suffered a catastrophic failure due to human error. Among the radionuclides released in the surrounding environment was Caesium-134 which has a half-life of 2 years. Although the site has been deemed safe to visit as of 2010, visitors must be tested before and after leaving the site and are instructed not to touch anything. If a sample of Caesium-134 from 1986 is found at the site in 2020, how much of the sample would remain?

• The amount is equal to 1/17 of the sample because it would go through 17 half-lives between 1986 and 2020.

• The amount after the sample is divided by 2 a total of 17 times because it would go through 17 half-lives from 1986 to 2020.

• The amount after the sample is divided in half then multiplied by 34 because 34 years have passed since 1986

• The amount after the sample is divided by 2 a total of 34 times because 34 years have elapsed since the event occured in 1986.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following battery compounds should Joseph choose if he is looking for an ionic compound?

• SO2

• HCl

• K2O

• P2O5

Multiple Choice

A group of students studying for their unit exam cannot agree on a model that represents a nuclear fusion reaction. Help them out by choosing the letter that best represents a model of nuclear fusion.

Multiple Choice

What coefficients can be used to balance the equation to show that matter is conserved in a chemical reaction? SPS3.b ?

Reactants: PbS + ? O2 → Products ? PbO + ? SO2

• 3,2,2,1

• 2,3,2,2

• 2,2,3,2

• 1,2,2,3

Multiple Choice

Which substance is least affected by the temperature of the water?

• NaNO3

• NaCl

• KNO3

• SO2

Multiple Choice

A student conducts an investigation using sodium chloride and silver bromide to determine the behavior of matter in a reaction. The data is represented in the table.

Chemical Reaction of Sodium Chloride and Silver Bromide

Beginning Compounds (Reactants) Ending Compounds (Products)

2g Sodium Chloride (NaCl) ?g Silver Chloride (AgCl)

1g Silver Bromide (AgBr) ?g Sodium Bromide (NaBr)

Total Beginning Mass= 3g Total Ending Mass= ?g

Which statement provides the MOST plausible prediction and explanation for the ending mass data?

• 1g AgCl, 2g NaBr; Matter is not conserved so the ending compounds will change.

• 1g AgCl, 2g NaBr; Matter is conserved so the total mass will be the same in the beginning and end.

• 1.5g AgCl, 1.5g NaBr; Matter is not conserved so the mass of the ending compounds will change.

• 1.5g AgCl, 1.5g NaBr; Matter is conserved so the mass of the ending compounds will be equal.

​Properties of Acids and Bases

Multiple Choice

Common Household Products with Indicator

Chemicals Indicator (phenolphthalein)

Soap Pink

Vinegar Colorless

Fertilizer Pink

Antacid, laxative Pink

Soda Colorless

Which prediction is BEST supported by the evidence collected?

• Products that make bubbles in water will raise the pH because they are basic

• The pH of water will change when the products are added because they are acids and bases.

• Colorless products will not affect the pH when added to water because they are neutral.

• Products with a bitter or strong taste will lower the pH when mixed with water because they are acidic

Multiple Choice

Susan and John are studying for their physical science exam and they come across the reaction pictured. Susan tells John that the model represents a nuclear fission reaction, but John corrects her and says that it is a nuclear fusion reaction. What evidence from the model supports John’s claim?

• Energy is released as a result of the change in the nuclei of the reactants.

• Two small nuclei combine to form one single nucleus

• There are more particles produced in the reaction.

• There are neutrons in the products.