Biochemical Evidence for Evolution

Multiple Select

What are the 3 types of symbiotic relationships?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Animal Communication

• Competition

Multiple Choice

Which statement best explains why animals are considered heterotrophic?

• They are able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis.

• They are able to produce food through the process of respiration.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by decomposing plant and animal tissue.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or their products.

Multiple Choice

Traits that help an organism survive are called....

• evolution
• natural selection
• adaptations
• habitats

Open Ended

Are these the same animals?

How do you know?

What if the cat had longer ears or the bunny had shorter ears - would you still know?

Open Ended

Are these noodle necklaces the exact same?

Would you still call them all noodle necklaces?

How closely related are they?

Open Ended

Which ones are most closely related with the first one? Why?

Open Ended

Give me another arrangement of the letters or words - what happens to the meaning of the sentence?

Open Ended

Give me similarities and differences between these two critters.

Open Ended

Give me similarities and differences between these two critters.

Open Ended

Give me similarities and differences between these two critters.

Open Ended

What do you think?

Are organisms with more similarities more or less closely related? Why?

Open Ended

FLASHBACK

Think way back when we talked about the nitrogen cycle…why was it important again? What did it have to do with DNA and proteins?

BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE PROVIDES THE BEST EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION!!!!

Multiple Choice

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

Multiple Choice

The Table below shows the # of differences in amino acids in a protein called “Cytochrome C” when comparing humans to other organisms. 
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.

• chimpanzee, horse, rattlesnake, snapping turtle
• chimpanzee, gorilla, rhesus monkey, horse
• fruit fly, bread mold, tuna fish, snapping turtle
• gorilla, rhesus monkey, rattlesnake, gorilla

Multiple Choice

By looking at the genes of some animals we can determine which living species are most closely related to each other. This also reveals which species most recently diverged from their common ancestor.

Based on the partial gene segments shown, which pair of animals are genetically most closely related and therefore most recently diverged from their common ancestor?

• Chimpanzee and Mouse

• Rat and Mouse

• Rat and Chimpanzee

Multiple Choice

In the table shown, the DNA found in five primate species was compared to the DNA found in humans. The number of sequence differences was recorded. Based on the data in this table, what inference could you make about these species compared to humans?

• Lemurs are most like humans.

• Gorillas are most like humans.

• None of the species are similar to humans.

• Only the lemur differs from humans in any way.

Multiple Choice

This picture is best known as

• homologous structures
• analogous structures
• vestigial structures
• embryology

Multiple Choice

The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram

• The organisms share a common ancestry.
• The organisms belong to the same genus.
• The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
• The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.

Multiple Choice

Images of the embryo and adult stages of three different organisms are shown.

Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this evidence?

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms eat the same types of food.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms live in a similar environment.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms share a recent common ancestor.

• Having similar embryos indicates that a certain protein controls how many legs the adult organisms will have.

Multiple Choice

Comparing human hemoglobin of chimpanzees, horses, kangaroos, and chickens, reveal that humans have the fewest amino acid differences with 

• Kangaroos
• Horses
• chickens
• chimpanzees

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between DNA and amino acids?

• DNA tells a cell how to make proteins through the genetic code, and proteins are made from amino acids

• Amino acids are made from proteins and DNA is made out of proteins

Multiple Choice

If proteins behave like molecular clocks, then which of the following is true?

• organisms that are more closely related share fewer similarities in their amino acid sequences

• organisms that are more closely related share more similarities in their amino acid sequences