Squatter Settlements

Squatter Settlements

IGCSE Sociology

Lesson Objectives

• Review Quiz 1 Answers

• Explain the effects of urbanisation on the people and natural environment

• ​Describe squatter settlements

IGCSE Sociology

Quiz 1 Results

​Open the Quiz 1 PDF I sent last week.

Lesson Objectives

• Review Quiz 1 Answers

• Explain the effects of urbanisation on the people and natural environment

• ​Describe squatter settlements

IGCSE Sociology

Defined by UN as a one or a group of individuals living under the same roof in an urban area, lacking one or more basic amenities.

Squatter Settlements

a permanent structure providing protection from extreme climatic conditions

Durable Housing

no more than three people sharing a room

Sufficient Living Space

water that is sufficient, affordable and can be obtained without extreme effort

Access to improved sanitation facilities

a private toilet or a public one shared with a reasonable number of people

Access to improved sanitation facilities

a protection against forced eviction; most squatter settlements are illegal and have no legal basis

Secure Tenure

Open Ended

Describe a squatter/slum settlement.

• 980 million People*

• 32% of world's population

• 78.2% of the urban population are in Low Income Coutnries (LICs)

• Located in places planners do not want: steep, slopes, floodplains, edge-of-town, and/or close to industrial complexes.

*2015 Data​

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

SDG 6

End poverty in all its forms everywhere

SDG 1

Sustainable Development Goals

Housing Problems

Provision of enough housing:

• quality of housing - with proper water, sanitation, electricity and space

• quantity of housing - having enough units to meet demand

• availability and affordability of housing

• housing tenure (ownership or rental)​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Housing Problems

Provision of enough housing:

• quality of housing - with proper water, sanitation, electricity and space

• quantity of housing - having enough units to meet demand

• availability and affordability of housing

• housing tenure (ownership or rental)​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Possible Solutions

• government support for low-income, self-built housing

• subsidies for home building

• flexible loans to help shanty town dwellers​

• slum upgrading in central areas

• improved private and public rental housing​

Shanty town: unplanned, illegal shelters constructed from cheap or waste materials (such as card board, wood and cloth). These are commonly located on the outskirts of cities in developing countries.

Possible Solutions

• support for the informal sector/small businesses operating at home

• site and service shemes

• encouragement of community schemes

• construction of health and educational services​

Shanty town: unplanned, illegal shelters constructed from cheap or waste materials (such as card board, wood and cloth). These are commonly located on the outskirts of cities in developing countries.

Activity: Slides Roulette

Group Work: 4 groups of 3-4 members

Discuss the following (5-10 minutes)

• Describe the conditions of informal settlers, like Mary Rose, who live in slum areas

• Suggest reasons why such conditions happen​

• Propose a solution to address the housing problems in developing countries​

Note: your group is free to use page 73 of your textbook and/or internet.

Slides Roullette

• Each group receives a PPT (10 slides) to discuss with the class. ​

• The members of the group take turns in describing each slide.

• Each slide will be on screen for 30 seconds.​

• ​Topics of the whole PPT: qualities of slum areas, reasons, effects, solutions​.

Slides Roullette

Order of presentation

• Group 1

• Group 2

• Group 3

• Group 4​

Can governments solve housing problems?

Governments of developing countries are unable to solve their housing problems. The best thing they could do is to improve living conditions.

• reduce the number of people living at 1.5 individuals in each room

• increase access to electricity and drinking water

• improve sanitation

• prevent families from moving into areas that are physically unsafe

• en​courage households to improve the equality of their accommodation

There are no easy solutions to housing problems in developing countries because poor housing is merely one manifestation of general poverty.

​

Decent shelter can never be provided while there is widespread poverty.​