Intro to Gas Laws

Intro to Gas Laws

By Ms. Taylor

Kinetic Theory of Gases

• Kinetic Energy is energy in motion.

• Higher temperature therefore means more motion​.

• These are shown only by Ideal gases which do not exist.

Multiple Choice

The kinetic energy of a gas is dependent on temperature

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

According to the kinetic theory of gases, gas particles

• Do not always move in straight lines

• Have most their volume occupied by empty space

• Attract each other

• Do not always move randomly

• Temperature

• Volume

• ​Pressure

Gas Behavior will be impacted by factors to include:​

Factors affecting Gas Behavior

These relationships are expressed in Gas Laws.

When any one of these factors is kept constant, the other two will be affected.. Place finger over any one (representing the constant) and swing stick up or down to see the effect on the others.

The higher the temperature, the greater the Kinetic energy the gas molecules have.

More kinetic energy means more collision, more movement and greater spread in available space.​

At constant volume, as temperature INCREASES the pressure on the gas also INCREASES.

Temperature and pressure are DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL​.

Temperature

• The larger the space occupied by the gas, the greater its volume.

• Gases usually spread to occupy all the space available. ​

• If the pressure on a gas is constant​, then Increasing temperature, increases volume.

• Therefore, temperature and volume are directly proprotional.​

​

Volume

• The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure.

• If gases are held at a constant temperature, then the pressure on the gas will INCREASE as the Volume DECREASES.

• This is because of the increased force as more particles will start colliding in the walls of the container​.

• TherEfore, Pressure and Volume are INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL.​

​

Pressure

Multiple Choice

Pressure and volume have an inverse relationship.  When pressure increases, volume will...

• stay the same
• increase
• decrease
• I don't know

Multiple Choice

What happens to the average kinetic energy of matter when it is heated?

• It increases
• It decreases 
• It doesn't change
• It cannot be determined

Multiple Choice

Which container will have lower pressure?

• left
• right
• they both have the same pressure

Multiple Choice

The higher the average kinetic energy the __________________ 

• the higher the volume
• the higher the mass
• the higher the temperature
• the higher the density

Multiple Choice

If a balloon is cooled what will happen to the volume?

• Volume will increase
• Volume will decrease
• Volume will not change

Multiple Choice

Inversely proportional means as one value increases the other............. 

• increases 
• decreases 
• stays the same 
• goes to zero

Multiple Choice

Directly proportional means that as one value increases ....................

• the other stays the same 
• the other increases as well
• the other decereases
• the other goes to zero

Multiple Choice

If the temperature of a gas increase, the pressure...

• Decreases
• Increases
• Does not change

CHARLES' LAW

• Involves T and V, constant P.

• Directly Proportional as when one increases the other also increases​.

• ex. car tires in winter appear flatter​

​

• Involves P and V with constant T

• Inversely proportional- as one increases the other decreases​.

• ex. ​ear popping in airplane at high altitude. pushing down on a syringe when covered.

​

• Involves P and T, constant V.

• Directly Proportional-as one increases the other also increases.

• Ex. ​aerosal can in fire, pressure cooker

​Gay-Lussac law

Multiple Choice

IF we are using Boyles' law and our Pressure goes UP, what must our volume do?

• Go UP

• Go DOWN

• Stay the same

• Wrong law.

Multiple Choice

Boyle's PV law : When _______ is held constant, the pressure and volume of a gas are ________  proportional

• temperature,  equally
• mass, inversely
• temperature, inversely
• mass, equally

Multiple Choice

Charles' Law States...

• As Pressure goes up volume goes down
• As Pressure goes up temperature goes up
• As Volume goes up temperature goes up 
• As Pressure goes down volume goes down 

Multiple Choice

If a hairspray can is heated, what can be expected of the pressure of the gas inside the can?

• The pressure will increase

• The pressure will decrease

• The pressure will remain constant

• The pressure will equalize

Multiple Choice

The following graph shows ____ relationship. 

• Direct
• Inverse

Multiple Choice

When a basketball is left outside in the cold it goes flat because the volume of air inside the ball has been reduced. What  gas law does this represent?

• Boyle's Law
• Charles's Law

Multiple Choice

If you push down the plunger of a bicycle pump the chamber's volume is decreased. When that happens pressure in the chamber increases and the air then rushes out of the pump and into your flat tire. What gas law does this represent?

• Charles's law
• Boyle's law
• Newtons laws
• Coulombs laws

Multiple Choice

If you increase the pressure of a constant volume of gas, what will happen to the temperature?

• Increase
• Decrease
• Stay the same
• It will Blow Up

Poll

Rate your understanding of the Behavior of Gases and Gas Laws

• 5

• 4

• 3

• 2