Ecology Unit Test Prep

Ecology Unit Test Prep

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​ -- the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment --

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By Caitlin Riding

Multiple Choice

A city located near the center of a large continent has colder winters and warmer summers than a city at the same elevation and latitude located on the continent's coast. Which statement best explains the difference between the cities climates? 

• Windspeeds are greater over land than over oceans. 
• Air masses originate only over land. 
• Land has a lower specific heat than water.
• Water changes temperature more rapidly than land. 

Multiple Choice

Temperature is one of the factors that scientists use to define climate. The graph below shows the average temperatures in a town.

In what climate zone is this town most likely located?

• polar

• tropical

• temperate

• desert

Multiple Choice

The graph shows the average temperatures in Miami, Florida.

In what climate zone is Miami located?

• polar

• temperate

• subpolar

• tropical

Multiple Choice

Foods synthesized in the process of Photosynthesis by plants is stored as

• Starch

• Protein

• Vitamins

• Fats

Multiple Choice

What are the products of photosynthesis?

• Oxygen and Energy

• Carbon Dioxide and Glucose

• Glucose and Oxygen

• Oxygen and Water

Multiple Select

Identify what is shown in the picture

• chloroplast

• stomata

• xylem

• roots

Multiple Choice

Chemosynthesis:

• converts carbon dioxide or methane and nutrients into organic matter without sunlight

• Converts carbon dioxide into organic matter using sunlight

• Converts water into oxygen without sunlight

• Converts water into oxygen using sunlight

Multiple Choice

Scientists hypothesize that the first type of metabolism that evolved on Earth was:

• respiration

• homeostasis

• photosynthesis

• chemosynthesis

Multiple Choice

If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?

• 10 Kcal
• 1 Kcal
• 100 Kcal
• 1000 Kcal

Multiple Choice

Elodea is an autotrophic organism which produces sugars at the bottom of some freshwater food chains. Elodea would best be classified as - 

• producers
• herbivores
• carnivores
• omnivores

Multiple Choice

What will most likely happen to the hawks and rodents if the insects were removed?

• There will be more hawks and rodents

• The rodents will eat more hawks

• There will be fewer rodents and hawks

• The hawks will eat more rodents

Multiple Choice

Which correctly shows the role of the rabbit

• Primary (1st) Consumer

• Secondary (2nd) Consumer

• Tertiary (3rd) Consumer

• Producer

Multiple Choice

When the rabbit consumes the grass, most of the energy it gets will be used for what?

• Performing photosynthesis.

• Transfer energy to the next trophic level.

• To grow, move and reproduce.

• Break down dead material.

Multiple Choice

Consider the following food chain:

Algae > Mayfly > Minnow > Trout

In a polluted ecosystem, which organism would likely have the HIGHEST level of toxic chemicals in its body?

• Algae

• Mayfly

• Minnow

• Trout

Multiple Choice

The diagram below shows the water cycle.

At which point does runoff happen?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

The gas that is most abundant in the atmosphere is

• oxygen
• nitrogen
• carbon dioxide
• argon

Multiple Choice

Which ecological nutrient cycle relies on photosynthesis and respiration?

• Carbon Cycle

• Nitrogen Cycle

• Phosphorus Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which ecological nutrient cycle relies on the slow erosion and build-up of rocks?

• Carbon Cycle

• Nitrogen Cycle

• Phosphorus Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which ecological nutrient cycle relies heavily on bacteria to "fix" an important nutrient by converting it from atmospheric gas to a form that can be absorbed by plants?

• Carbon Cycle

• Nitrogen Cycle

• Phosphorus Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which ecological nutrient cycle involves the hydrosphere (water) and lithosphere (land), but not the atmosphere?

• Carbon Cycle

• Nitrogen Cycle

• Phosphorus Cycle

Multiple Choice

Emigration means ...

• People migrating FROM a country

• People migrating INTO a country

Multiple Choice

If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?

• It will increase.
• It will decrease.
• It will stay the same.
• It will fluctuate.

Multiple Choice

What type of growth is shown in the diagram?

• exponential growth
• logistic growth 
• predator-prey cycle
• boom-bust curve

Multiple Choice

Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...  

• carrying capacity
• population crash
• lag phase
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?

• 1.8 million
• 1.25 million
• 1.6 million
• 1.o million

Multiple Choice

No two species can occupy the same niche

• Competitive Exclusion Principle 
• Limiting Exclusion Theory
• Competitive Limiting Principle
• Limiting Competitive Theory 

Multiple Choice

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.

• mutualism
• commensalism
• competition
• parasitism

Multiple Choice

What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Which of these organisms would you most expect to find on a small island that formed as a result of a volcanic two years prior?

• climbing vines

• hardwood tree

• monkey

• lichen

Multiple Choice

What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?

• pioneer species
• soil
• climax community
• lichens

Multiple Choice

After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -

• primary succession
• secondary succession
• climax community
• limiting factors

Multiple Choice

Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?

• A tornado
• A volcanic eruption
• A flood
• A drought

Multiple Choice

Which would result in primary succession?

• volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

• Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

• Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

• limiting factors

Multiple Choice

 Which biome is more likely to survive a change in the environment?

• High (rich) biodiversity
• Low (poor) biodiversity

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor?

• human activities 
• unusual weather
• competition
• natural disaster

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?

• natural disaster
• predation
• disease
• parasitism

Multiple Choice

What type of growth is shown on this graph?

• logistic
• exponential
• average
• density-independent

Multiple Choice

The lionfish is a venomous fish found primarily in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. In the 1990s, lionfish were accidentally released into the Atlantic Ocean, where they found abundant resources and favorable environmental conditions. Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in the lionfish having a major impact on the communities into which they were introduced?

• With no natural predators, the lionfish population will become very large.

• Some native species of invertebrates will develop a resistance to lionfish venom.

• Random mating will allow the lionfish population to reach Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

• A virus that specifically infects lionfish will become more prevalent.

Multiple Choice

According to the population pyramid of this country, its population is most likely...

• growing slowly.
• growing rapidly.
• decreasing.
• not changing.

Multiple Choice

What kind of growth is this country experiencing?

• Exponential Growth
• Stable Growth
• Declining Growth

Multiple Choice

The increasing concentration of a harmful substance in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web.

• biological magnification
• renewable resource
• resilience
• Anthromes

Multiple Choice

Which trophic levels are at the highest risk because of biological magnification?

• carnivores

• producers

• herbivores