
Sp. 3 - Common Essay Mistakes
Presentation
•
World Languages
•
10th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
Joseph Filoramo
Used 1+ times
FREE Resource
17 Slides • 46 Questions
1
By Joseph Filoramo
2
Feminine nouns:
Most nouns that end in -o are masculine, and nouns that end in -a are feminine, right?
All nouns that end in -ión, -d, or -z are FEMININE, too!
Same for the plurals: -iones, -des, - ces
Ex: La ciudad, la población, la comunidad, las ciudades, las regiones
3
Fill in the Blanks
The city is large. = _ ciudad es grande.
Type answer...
4
Fill in the Blanks
The cities are large. = _ ciudades son grandes.
Type answer...
5
Fill in the Blanks
The government is democratic. = _ gobierno es democrático.
Type answer...
6
Fill in the Blanks
The population is enormous. = _ población es enorme.
Type answer...
7
Adjectives are typically placed after the noun(s) they modify
Adjectives always match the noun(s) they modify in number (singular/plural)
Always match the noun(s) they modify in gender (masculino/feminina)
Ex: La montaña alta, el edificio alto, las comunidades autónomas
8
Fill in the Blanks
The busy city = La ciudad ocupad_ .
(type the missing letter)
Type answer...
9
Fill in the Blanks
The dishes are delicious. = Los platos son ric_ .
(type the 2 missing letters)
Type answer...
10
To say that something “was _ed” (e.g. was founded, was discovered, was built, etc.), use the preterite of Ser (Fue, Fueron) + the participle (-ado/-ido, etc.) form of the verb.
The participle form is the same word you use in Pretérito Perfecto and Pluscuamperfecto: Usado, Fundado, Construido, Hecho, Dicho, Escrito, etc.
If you use a participle with Ser, it becomes an adjective; follow adjective rules.
Make the participle plural if the noun is plural, masculine if the noun is masculine, etc.:
The buildings were built = Los edificios fueron construidos.
The city was built = La ciudad fue construida.
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Ex:
It was built = Fue construido/-a
They were built = Fueron construidos/-as
It was made = Fue hecho/-a
They were made = Fueron hechos/-as
Ex:
It has been built = Ha sido construído/-a
(use 2 participles in a row after Ha)
They have been built = Han sido construídos/-as
(use 2 participles in a row after Han)
It had been built = Había sido construído/-a
(use 2 participles in a row after Había)
They had been built = Habían sido construídos/-as
(use 2 participles in a row after Habían)
12
Fill in the Blanks
It has been =
Type answer...
(type the 2 missing words)
13
Fill in the Blanks
Madrid was founded by the Moors = Madrid
Type answer...
(type the 2 missing words)
14
Fill in the Blanks
The Canary Islands were conquered in the 15th century =
Las Islas Canarias
Type answer...
(type the 2 missing words)
15
Fill in the Blanks
The Canary Islands had been independent before the 15th century =
Las Islas Canarias
Type answer...
(type the 2 missing words.
Copy/paste: áéíóúñ)
16
Use ESTAR to state where something is located, or to talk about its mood or condition
Use al + norte, sur, este, oeste (noreste/noroeste) for “to the north, south...”, etc.
Ex: Andalucia está al sur de Castilla - La Mancha. Las Islas Baleares están al este de la costa de Cataluña.
Use SER to describe something with adjectives, to define it, etc.
Ex: Aragón es muy grande. Oviedo es una ciudad. Las montañas son altas.
17
Fill in the Blanks
The Canary Islands are west of Africa. =
Las Islas Canarias _ al oeste de África.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
18
Fill in the Blanks
The Canary Islands are part of Spain. =
Las Islas Canarias _ parte de España.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
19
Fill in the Blanks
Extremadura is a dry region. =
Extremadura _ una región seca / árida.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
20
There is, There are = « Hay »
Ex: Hay 3 millones de personas en La Rioja.
21
Fill in the Blanks
There is a lot of seafood in Valencia. =
_ muchos mariscos en Valencia.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
22
Fill in the Blanks
The celts were isolated in Galicia because there are mountains there. =
Los celtas eran aislados en Galicia porque _ montañas allí.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
23
To say that something includes or several places include, use the verb Incluir in its present tense conjugated forms:
(It) Includes = incluye,
(They) Include = incluyen
Ex: «Un ejemplo de arquitectura famosa incluye el Palacio Real.»
To say “including”, use the preposition incluso
Ex: «Hay muchas ciudades importantes, incluso Madrid y Barcelona.
24
Fill in the Blanks
There are many typical dishes in Spain, including paella. =
Hay muchos platos típicos en España, _ la paella.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
25
Fill in the Blanks
The Basque Country includes an area in Spain and a part of France. =
El País Vasco _ una área en España y una parte de Francia.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
26
Fill in the Blanks
The typical dishes in Spain include paella and tortilla española. =
Los platos típicos en España _ la paella y la tortilla española.
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
Type answer...
27
Más = MORE/ MOST;
also used with adjectives as -est:
la ciudad más grande = the biggest city
Mucho/a/os/as = a lot, many
Muy = very (always followed by an adjective or adverb, not a noun)
Ex: Hay muchas ciudades importantes. (There are a lot of important cities.)
Hay más personas en Madrid que hay en Oviedo. (There are more people...)
28
Multiple Choice
There are many people in Navarra. =
Hay _ personas en Navarra.
muy
más
mucho
muchas
muchos
29
Multiple Choice
The people in Navarra are very nice. =
Las personas en Navarra son _ simpáticas.
muy
más
mucho
muchas
muchos
30
Multiple Choice
There are more people in Navarra than there are in the Balearic Islands. =
Hay _ personas en Navarra que hay en Las Islas Baleares.
muy
más
mucho
muchas
muchos
31
Multiple Choice
La Rioja produces a lot of wine. =
La Rioja produce _ vino.
muy
más
mucho
muchas
muchos
32
To say “to/toward¨, use a, al, or a la
To say “a/an”, like “a government” or “a city”, use un / una:
un gobierno, una ciudad
Asturias has a parliament = Asturias tiene un parlamento.
33
Multiple Choice
You should go to Murcia! =
¡Debes ir _ Murcia!
a
al
a la
un
una
34
Multiple Choice
Murcia is to the east of Andalucia. =
Murcia está _ este de Andalucia.
a
al
a la
un
una
35
Multiple Choice
Murcia is an autonomous community. =
Murcia es _ comunidad autónoma.
a
al
a la
un
una
36
Multiple Choice
Murcia has a government with a president and a council. =
Murcia tiene _ gobierno con un presidente y un consejo.
a
al
a la
un
una
37
To say what someone/something has, use Tener.
Ex: « Madrid tiene 1,6 millones de personas.»
To say who has done an action, use Ha / Han + (verb + -ado/-ido).
Ex: Madrid ha sido la capital por muchos siglos.
Only use Ha when you are saying a compound verb
(have done / has done, etc.)
Do NOT use « ha » to say what population a region has…. use « tiene »
38
Multiple Choice
Murcia has a government with a president and a council. =
Murcia _ un gobierno con un presidente y un consejo.
ha
había
tienen
tiene
tengo
39
Multiple Choice
Ceuta and Melilla have autonomous governments, as well. =
Ceuta y Melilla _ gobiernos autónomos, también.
ha
había
tienen
tiene
tengo
40
Fill in the Blanks
Valencia has been autonomous since 1982. =
Valencia
Type answer...
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
41
‘S does NOT exist in Spanish! Neither do 2 nouns back to back.
Use reverse word order from English:
Madrid’s Royal Palace = El Palacio Real de Madrid
The Cantabrian flag = La bandera de Cantabria
The biggest city = la ciudad más grande
42
Fill in the Blanks
Valencia has had a complicated history. =
Valencia
Type answer...
(type the missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
43
Fill in the Blanks
Madrid's history =
Type answer...
(type the 4 missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
44
Fill in the Blanks
Castilla y Leon's capital is Valladolid. =
Type answer...
(type the 5 missing word(s).
(Copy/paste, if needed: áéíóúñ)
45
Use porque to say “because”, followed by a short statement with a verb
Ex: Tú debes visitar Madrid, porque hay muchas cosas interesantes allí.
(You should visit Madrid, because there are many interesting things there,)
Use a causa de to say “caused by / because of”, followed by a noun.
Ex: Hay mucha arquitectura árabe en Sevilla a causa de la influencia de los Moros.
(There is a lot of Arabic architecture in Seville because of the influence of the Moors.)
46
Multiple Choice
Me gusta Castilla la Mancha _ es interestante y tiene mucha historia.
porque
a causa de
47
Multiple Choice
Castilla - la Mancha llegó a ser (became) autónomo en 1982 _ Francisco Franco murió, y el rey después de Franco permitió la democracia.
porque
a causa de
48
Multiple Choice
Castilla - la Mancha llegó a ser (became) autónomo en 1982 _ la muerte de Francisco Franco.
porque
a causa de
49
Both la gente (singular) and las personas (plural) mean “people”
la gente is singular; las personas = plural!
"There are a lot of people" =
Hay mucha gente. OR
Hay muchas personas.
When you are saying the number of people, always use «personas»
Madrid tiene 6,88 millones de personas.
50
Multiple Select
The people celebrate the festival with a parade. =
___ el festival con un desfile.
(Select ALL correct answers)
La gente celebra
Las personas celebran
La persona celebra
La gente celebran
51
Both la gente (singular) and las personas (plural) mean “people”
la gente is singular; las personas = plural!
"There are a lot of people" =
Hay mucha gente. OR
Hay muchas personas.
When you are saying the number of people, always use «personas»
Madrid tiene 6,88 millones de personas.
52
Multiple Choice
Santiago de Compostela _ una catedral muy grande y muy popular.
tiene
tienen
hay
habían
53
Multiple Choice
Pamplona _ una ciudad en Navarra.
son
es
tiene
hay
54
Numbers in Spanish use opposite punctuation from English:
use , instead of . and vice versa
For “million people”, use “millions of people”: millones de personas
More than 1.6 million people = más de 1,6 millones de personas
Also, for a rough estimate of a number, use the word « aproximadamente » (“Approximately”)
55
Multiple Choice
There are over 84,000 people in Melilla. =
Hay más de 84 mil personas en Melilla.
correcto
incorrecto
56
Multiple Choice
There are over 84,000 people in Melilla. =
Hay más de 84 miles de personas en Melilla.
correcto
incorrecto
57
Multiple Choice
There are 1.62 people in Barcelona. =
Hay 1,62 millones de personas en Barcelona.
correcto
incorrecto
58
Multiple Choice
There are 1.62 people in Barcelona. =
Hay 1.62 millón personas en Barcelona.
correcto
incorrecto
59
Languages in Spain: use the local name of the languages
The language Americans call, “Spanish” is known in Spain as Castellano
The language of Galicia is called, Gallego
The language of Cataluña / Valencia / Islas Baleares is called, Catalán
The language of el País Vasco is called, Euskara
The language of Aragón is called, Aragonés
Check the names used by Spaniards for each language, and use those names in your papers.
That includes proper nouns as well: Las Montañas Cantábricas, la Bahía de Biscay, etc.
60
Multiple Choice
¿Cuál idioma (language) habla la gente en casa en esta comunidad autónoma?
español
castellano
catalán
gallego
euskara
61
Multiple Choice
¿Cuál idioma (language) habla la gente en casa en esta comunidad autónoma?
español
castellano
catalán
gallego
euskara
62
Multiple Choice
¿Cuál idioma (language) habla la gente en casa en esta comunidad autónoma?
español
castellano
catalán
gallego
euskara
63
Multiple Choice
¿Cuál idioma (language) habla la gente en casa en esta comunidad autónoma (azul)?
español
castellano
catalán
gallego
euskara
By Joseph Filoramo
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