Genetics-- Ch. 5 L. 3 The Structure of DNA

Genetics-- Ch. 5 L. 3 The Structure of DNA

By D Olg

Multiple Choice

In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.

• Guanine
• Thymine
• Cytosine
• Adenine

Multiple Choice

Guanine bonds with ______________.

• Adenine
• Guanine
• Cytosine
• Thymine

Multiple Choice

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

• cell membrane
• vacuole
• ribosome
• nucleus

Multiple Choice

DNA is an acronym for _____

• Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

• Ribose Nucleic Acid

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

• double helix
• contains ribose
• made of amino acids
• contains Uracil

Multiple Choice

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

• adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
• adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

Multiple Choice

Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose and adenine
• deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
• sugar and the nucleus
• deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate

Multiple Choice

Which two scientists are accredited with correctly deducing the double helix model of DNA?

• Watson and Crick
• Wilkins and Franklin
• Wilkins and Crick
• Watson and Franklin

Multiple Choice

Proteins that DNA winds itself around to for Chromosomes

• Histone

• Double Helix

• Chromatin

• Chromatin

Multiple Choice

adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are known as

• sugars
• phosphates
• lipids
• nitrogen bases

Multiple Choice

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
CAT TCA CTG

• ATG TGA CAG
• TAC ACT GTC
• GTA AGT GAC
• CAT TCA CTG

Multiple Choice

The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication

• helicase
• replicase
• polymerase
• synthase

Multiple Choice

In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?

• G1
• S
• G2
• M

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?

• Topoisomerase
• DNA Polymerase
• Ligase
• Primase

Multiple Choice

Seals the Okazaki fragments together

• DNA Polymerase
• ligase
• helicase
• primase

Multiple Choice

synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind

• ligase
• DNA polymerase I
• primase
• helicase

Multiple Choice

direction new nucleotides are synthesized on the new strand

• 5^' to 3' (new nucleotides added to the 3' end)

• 3' to 5' (new nucleotides added to the 5' end)

• 3' to 5' (new nucleotides added to the 3' end)

• 5^' to 3' (new nucleotides added to the 5' end)

Multiple Choice

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base

• sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base

• sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

• sugar, phosphate, protein

Multiple Choice

order of replication

• 3, 4, 2, 1
• 3, 1, 4, 2
• 2, 1, 4, 3
• 3, 4, 1, 2

Multiple Choice

The fragments on the lagging strand that are made up of repeating segments of DNA and RNA Primers

• okazaki fragments

• Primase

• Polymerase

• unused DNA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of the sides of the DNA molecule

• Bonding

• Alternating

• Anitparallel

• Parallel

Multiple Choice

About __ percent of DNA is made up of protein coding genes?

• 5%

• 2%

• 23%

• 1%

Multiple Choice

how much of DNA is non-coding?

• 101%

• 77%

• 99%

• 5%

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus
• cytoplasm
• ribosome

Multiple Choice

One difference between DNA and RNA is that....

• Only RNA has the base Uracil
• only RNA contains the base Thymine
• only RNA contains the base Cytocine
• only RNA contained the base Guanine

Multiple Choice

what does mRNA do?

• carry info from genes to ribosomes
• carry amino acids to ribosomes
• help with RNA splicing
• make up ribosomes

Multiple Choice

True or false:  RNA is double-stranded.

• true
• false
• it depends on the type

Multiple Choice

Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?

• transcription

• translation

• replication

Multiple Choice

Why must transcription occur where DNA can be found?

• because DNA can't leave

• because ribosomes are in the nucleus

• because DNA polymerase is found there

• because helicase unzips the DNA

Multiple Choice

Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 

• AUGCUU
• ATGCTT
• GCATCC
• GCAUCC

Multiple Choice

Transcribe the following DNA sequence into RNA:

AAT TAG GGC TCG

• AAT TAG GGC TCG

• TTA ATC CCG AGC

• UUA AUC CCG AGC

• TTU UTC CCG UGC

Multiple Choice

Where does RNA polymerase know where to start copying down instructions in the DNA molecule?

• By looking for Promotors in the code to signal to start copying

• By looking for Stop Codes in the code to signal to start copying

• It doesn't matter where it starts, it will find it.

• mRNA signals to the RNA polymerase where to start

Multiple Choice

Identify.

• DNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Identify.

• DNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Identify.

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

Multiple Choice

Carries the amino acid used to make a protein

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Factory for making a protein

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

• mRNA
• tRNA
• rRNA
• RNA polymerase

Multiple Choice

In mRNA, each codon specifies a particular 

• nucleotide
• amino acid
• purine
• pyrimidine

Multiple Choice

. What are the building blocks of proteins called?

• nucleotides

• proteins

• amino acids

• carbohydrates

Multiple Choice

How many bases are in one codon?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

What is the correct sequence?

• RNA --> DNA --> Protein
• Protein --> RNA --> DNA
• DNA --> RNA --> Protein
• DNA --> Protein --> RNA

Multiple Choice

What structure in a cell is the site for making proteins?

• ribosomes
• mitochondria
• lysosome
• Golgi body

Multiple Choice

Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon UUA?

• Phenylalanine
• Leucine
• Serine
• Tyrosine

Multiple Choice

Process in which amino acids are assembled into proteins at the ribosome?

• Translation
• Transcription
• Meiosis
• Replication

Multiple Choice

If the mRNA sequence is AGA UUU CGA GCC,
what is the complementary tRNA anticodons?

• AGA TTT CGA GCC
• UCU AAA GCU CGG
• TCT AAA GCT CGG
• UCU AAA CGA GGG

Multiple Choice

Brings the amino acids to the ribosome

• mRNA
• tRNA
• rRNA
• DNA

Multiple Choice

How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA

• 4
• 2
• 6
• 12

Multiple Choice

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

• amino acids; peptide

• fatty acids; ionic

• proteins; hydrogen

• fatty acids; covalent

Multiple Choice

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

• Met-Glu-Stop

• Met-His-Stop

• Thr-Glu-Stop

• Thr-Pro-Stop

Multiple Choice

Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?

• YES!
• NO!

Multiple Choice

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

• Phenylalanine
• Tyrosine
• Leucine
• Stop codon

Multiple Choice

Are all mutations bad?

• Yes
• No

Multiple Choice

Any change in the sequence of DNA is...

• transgenic shift
• Single Genotype
• Monohybrid Trait
• Mutation

Multiple Choice

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Multiple Choice

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Base Substitution
• Base Insertion
• Base Inversion
• Translocation

Multiple Choice

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Substitution
• Deletion
• Insertion
• Inversion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following can increase the rate of mutation?

• UV Radiation
• Viruses
• toxic chemicals 
• All of the above

Open Ended

Answer the previous slides questions here: