Evolution

Evolution

​Is the gradual change in species over time.

By Junnely HS]

Multiple Choice

This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

• Evolution

• Enviornment

• Population

• Adaptation

Multiple Choice

The presence of gill-like slits in a human embryo is considered to be evidence for the...

• Theory that fish and mammals have a common ancestry

• Theory that the first organisms on Earth were Heterotrophs

• Close relationship between fish and mammalian reproductive patterns

• Close relationship between humans and Annelids

Multiple Choice

The fossil record provides evidence that...

• Fossils cannot be dated.

• All species were formed during Earth's formation and have changed little since then.

• Older species gave rise to more recent species.

• The fossilized species have no connection to today's species.

Multiple Choice

Over time, new species have evolved while others have become extinct. Which of the following most likely supports how giraffes evolved long necks?

• More long-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes

• More short-necked giraffes survived to pass on their genes.

• Short-necked giraffes modified their diets to evolve into a new species.

• Short-necked giraffes grew longer neck to reach higher leaves.

Multiple Choice

What is another name for natural selection?

• Survival of the smartest

• Survival of the biggest

• Survival of the fastest

• Survival of the fittest

Multiple Choice

The picture shows a prehistoric mammal called Ambulocetus. This animal lived almost 50 million years ago in coastal waters. It used its back legs to swim in water and front legs to crawl on land. Scientists think that the whale evolved from the Ambulocetus. What information should they use to support their hypothesis?

• Extinction dates for Ambulocetus.

• Evidence of the Ambulocetus diet.

• Comparison of habitats of both animals.

• Examination of the body structures of both animals.

Multiple Choice

The diagram below shows the beaks of five species of birds that developed over time from one parent species. The five species of birds can be found in the same area.

Which of the following best explains why the beak shape of each species of birds developed differently?

• Each beak shape helps the bird to produce different songs.

• Each beak shape is an adaptation to a specific source of food.

• Each beak shape is designed to construct a different type of nest.

• Each beak shape helps protect the birds from a different predator.

Multiple Choice

Joan breeds Golden Retrievers that have the longest hair. This is an example of...

• Natural selection

• Stabilizing selection

• Artificial selection

• Directional selection

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?

• People selectively breeding hamsters.

• Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics

• Male birds of a certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.

Multiple Choice

Image of the embryo and adult stages of three different organisms are shown. Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this evidence?

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms eat the same types of food.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms live in a similar environment.

• Having similar embryos indicates that these organisms share a recent common ancestor.

1. Natural Selection

2. Artificial Selection​

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​How does evolution take place?

• Humans carefully select traits or characteristics that are passed on to offspring.

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​Artificial Selection

• Nature selects those with desirable traits, and those survive and reproduce. Over time, the desirable trait becomes the most common because it has been past down generation after generation.

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Evolution

Natural Selection

• Organisms that can adapt are more likely to survive.

• This is called Survival of the Fittest.

• Extinction occurs when a an entire species fails to adapt ​to their environment.

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Survival of the fittest

A characteristic that allows an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.

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Evolution

What is adaptation?

Several observations provide evidence for evolution including that support that species change over time and common ancestry.

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Evidences of Evolution

Fossils of ancient organisms have similar structures to that of organisms living today, suggesting they are ancestors of living organisms.

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Fossil Record

• Almost all fossils found are of extinct animals. Scientists have been able to study Earth's history from these fossils. They have been able to piece together what the past may have been like, and that these ancient remains are ancestors to organisms living today.

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The Fossil Record

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Researching embryos has led to the observation that many organisms start out very similar in their early development.

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​These similarities are inherited from a common ancestor.

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Embryology

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• Organisms with similar body structures indicate a common ancestor.

• Similar body structures that species have inherited from a common ancestor are called Homologous Structures.​

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Comparative Anatomy

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