Lesson 1 Metal

Metals

Lesson 1

What are the properties of a typical metal?

Focus Question

transition element

radioactive element

metallic bonding

ductile

malleable

metal

New Vocabulary

group: vertical column in the periodic table

Review Vocabulary

Review activity

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Properties of Metals

•

are elements that are shiny,

malleable, ductile, and good conductors
of heat and conductivity.

•

means they can be

hammered into sheets.

•

means they can be drawn into

wires.

Properties of Metals

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•

Metal atoms are found on the left side
and in the middle of the periodic table.
They generally have 1 to 3 electrons in
their outer energy levels, which they
give up easily in chemical reactions.

Properties of Metals

•

When metals combine with
nonmetals, the metal
atoms become positive
ions, the nonmetal atoms
become negative ions, and
they form

.

Bonding with nonmetals (Ionic Bonds)

Ions: are charged particles with more or fewer

electrons than the neutral atom.

Because of the electrical force between

the charges

+Metal ion attracted to -nonmetal ion form Ion

•

In

,

positively charged metal
ions are surrounded by a
sea of electrons that move
freely.

Metallic bonding

Multiple Choice

What type of bond is found in pure gold?

• metallic

• ionic

• covalent

• diatomic

Multiple Choice

What type of bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal?

• metallic

• ionic

• covalent

• diatomic

Metallic bonding

•

Metals are

because the

positive ions can move past each other but are
held in the material by the electron sea.

•

Metals are

because the outer-level electrons can

travel relatively freely through the material.

Multiple Choice

Because electrons move freely in metals, metals are ________.

• brittle

• hard

• dull

• conductors

•

Elements in

are

called the

.

•

They are softer than
most other metals.

•

They have only 1 outer
electron, so they are
highly reactive.

•

Rb, Cs, and Fr are
radioactive elements,
in which the nucleus
breaks down and gives
off particles and energy.

The Alkali Metals

The Alkali Metals

•

Elements in

are

the

.

•

They have 2 outer
electrons.

•

Like the alkali metals,
they are highly reactive
and not found as free
elements in nature.

•

Mg and Ca are important
in living organisms.

•

Radium is radioactive.

The Alkaline Earth Metals

The Alkaline Earth Metals

•

are

in

.

•

These include many
familiar metals, such as
iron and gold, that occur
in nature as uncombined
elements.

•

Fe, Co, and Ni are the
most common magnetic
elements, and are also
used to make steel and
other metal mixtures.

The Transition Elements

•

•

Cu is widely used for wiring.

•

Zn forms zinc oxide, which
is used in sunscreen.

•

Hg is the only metal that is
liquid at room temperature.

The Transition Elements

C are very
stable and malleable. They
were to be used to make
coins and are still used to
make medals and jewelry.

The Transition Elements

•

The inner transition elements are in periods 6
and 7 between groups 3 and 4. They are
usually listed below the periodic table.

•

The lanthanides follow lanthanum in group 6.

•

The actinides follow actinium in group 7. All
the actinides are radioactive and unstable.

The Inner Transition Elements

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Multiple Choice

Why are alkali metals and alkaline earth metals not found as free elements in nature?

• They are rare.

• They are highly reactive.

• They are nonreactive.

• They are radioactive.

Multiple Choice

How many electrons do atoms of the alkali metals have in their outer energy levels?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

To which of the following groups do the elements Fe, Co, and Ni belong? Select all that apply.

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• transition metals

• inner transition metals

Multiple Choice

Which one of these elements is always found in nature combined with other elements?

• magnesium

• silver

• gold

• copper

Multiple Choice

Which elements are found only in periods 6 and 7 on the periodic table?

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• transition elements

• inner transition elements