Volcanoes

Volcanoes

Constructive vs. Destructive

Volcanic eruptions are constructive in that they add new rock to existing land and form new islands.

Volcanic eruptions can be destructive when an eruption is explosive and changes the landscape of and around the volcano. 

Parts of a Volcano

Magma that reaches Earth's surface is known as lava.

Magma from the mantle rises to Earth’s surface and flows out an opening called a vent.

The vent as well as the mountain that forms around it from cooled lava, ash, cinders, and rock is called a volcano.

Multiple Choice

What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?

• Hot Spot

• Magma

• Lava

• Volcano

Multiple Choice

What does viscosity mean?

• winning

• how easily a fluid flows

• how resistant a fluid is to flowing

• gases

Multiple Choice

Which magma has the lowest viscosity?

• rhyolytic

• andesitic

• basaltic

• mystic

Multiple Choice

What is molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface?

• Aa

• Lava

• Magma

• Pahoehoe

Multiple Choice

As magma rises towards the surface it collects in a 'room' called a _____ _____ . 

• magma chamber

• side vent

• main vent

• lava chamber

Multiple Choice

Volcanoes are found...

• on land

• under water

• on islands

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

What is a volcano?

• A mountain that has lava all over it 

• A giant hill filled with magma

• A long high sea wave 

• A hole in the Earth where magma erupts

Multiple Choice

Where are most volcanoes found?

• Southern Hemisphere

• Ring of Fire

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• Hot Spots

Multiple Choice

What is / are sign(s) that a volcano may erupt soon?

• Earthquake activity in the area

• Changes in the shape of the volcano

• Different amounts of gas being produced

• All of these are signs

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of dormant?

• sleeping

• extinct

• active

• invisible

Multiple Choice

What are scientists that study volcanoes called?

• doctor

• vet

• volcanologist

• volcano scientist

Multiple Choice

Dormant volcanoes might erupt in the future.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The volcanoes on the Hawaiian Islands form due to which of the following?

• Divergent Boundary

• Hot Spot

• Subduction Boundary

• Transform Boundary

Multiple Choice

Where do volcanoes come from?

• Places where plates move apart

• Places where plates are moving together

• Hot Spots

• All of these options

Multiple Choice

Which result from a volcanic eruption is considered constructive?

• add new rock to existing land and form new islands

• explosive and changes the landscape of and around the volcano

Multiple Choice

What is another name for magma that has reached Earth's surface?

• Vent

• Dust

• Ash

• Lava

Multiple Choice

Where is the Ring of Fire located?

• Indian Ocean

• Arctic Ocean

• Pacific Ocean

• Atlantic Ocean

Multiple Select

Check all that would be considered local effects of a volcanic eruption.

• lack of breathable air

• acid rain

• contamination of food sources

• destruction of urban and suburban areas

• Disruption of water supply

Multiple Select

Check all that would be considered global effects of a volcanic eruption.

• changes in weather and climate

• aviation safety hazards

• possible death

• seismic activity

• personal injury

Multiple Choice

Which theory helped scientists understand how and where volcanoes erupt?

• Theory of Plate Tectonics

• Theory of Relativity

• Theory of the Rock Cycle

• Big Bang Theory

Multiple Choice

Which type of volcano is built by alternating layers of lava flows and ash flows? It can

be very explosive.

• Cinder Cone

• Composite

• Lava Dome

• Shield

Multiple Choice

Which type of volcano has steep angled sides, throws blobs of lava in the air that fall as cinders, and is built over a short period of time?

• Cinder Cone

• Composite

• Lava Dome

• Shield

Multiple Choice

Which type of volcano if found in the Hawaiian Islands with thick flowing, slow moving lava? This is the most common type of volcano on earth.

• Cinder Cone

• Composite

• Lava Dome

• Shield

Multiple Choice

Which type of volcano is currently resting, but could erupt sometime in the future?

• Active

• Dormant

• Extinct

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

The weak point in the Earth’s crust where hot magma rises and reaches the earth’s

surface is called the __________.

• Crater

• Magma Chamber

• Main Vent

• Secondary Cone

Multiple Choice

An active volcanic area on earth is found at_______.

• Diverging Boundaries

• Converging Boundaries

• Hot Spots

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Large projectiles thrown through the air during an eruption are called

• Volcanic bombs

• Hot Spot

• Lava

• Magma chamber

Multiple Choice

Magma is found above the earth surface?

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What type of volcano is Kilauea, which is located in Hawaii?

• Caldera

• Cinder Cone

• Composite Volcano

• Shield Volcano

Multiple Choice

Where are most volcanoes found?

• Southern Hemisphere

• Ring of Fire

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• Hot Spots

Multiple Choice

What is molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface?

• Aa

• Lava

• Magma

• Pahoehoe

Multiple Choice

Where do volcanoes come from?

• Places where plates move apart

• Places where plates are moving together

• Hot Spots

• All of these options

Multiple Choice

Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash

• Cinder Cone volcano

• Shield volcano

• Composite volcano

• Caldera

Multiple Choice

A dead volcano, one that is unlikely to erupt again

• Dormant volcano

• Extinct volcano

• Shield volcano

• Caldera

Multiple Choice

Energy from water or steam that has been heated by magma

• Geothermal energy

• Thermal energy

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

Multiple Choice

What is a huge hole left behind when a volcano has an enormous eruption and empties the magma chamber and the main vent.  The volcano becomes hollow and collapses leaving this hole behind.

• Central vent

• Caldera

• Side vent

• Magma

Multiple Choice

A boundary on Earth's crust where two plates collide

• Convergent boundary

• Divergent boundary

• Transform boundary

• Indirect boundary

Multiple Choice

A plate boundary where the plates divide

• Indirect boundary

• Transform boundary

• Convergent boundary

• Divergent boundary

Multiple Choice

A plate boundary where the plates slide past each other in opposite directions

• Indirect

• Transform boundary

• Convergent boundary

• Divergent boundary

Multiple Choice

What is an explosive eruption?

• When trapped gases build up pressure until they explode with incredible force.

• When magma flows easily and erupts quietly with gases bubbling out gently and lava oozing out quietly.

Multiple Choice

What is an effusive eruption?

• When magma flows easily and erupts quietly with gases bubbling out gently and lava oozing out quietly.

• When trapped gases build up pressure until they explode with incredible force.

Multiple Choice

What is an active volcano?

• A volcano that has erupted at least once in the last 10,000 years.

• A volcano that hasn’t erupted in the last 10,000 years, but could still erupt.

• A volcano that should never erupt again.

Multiple Choice

What is a dormant volcano?

• A volcano that has erupted at least once in the last 10,000 years.

• A volcano that hasn’t erupted in the last 10,000 years, but could still erupt.

• A volcano that should never erupt again.

Multiple Choice

What is an extinct volcano?

• A volcano that has erupted at least once in the last 10,000 years.

• A volcano that hasn’t erupted in the last 10,000 years, but could still erupt.

• A volcano that should never erupt again.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a feature of stratovolcanoes?

• Also called composite volcanoes.

• Made of layers of ash and lava.

• Very tall.

• Made of layers of just lava.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a feature of shield volcanoes?

• Some of the biggest mountains in the world.

• Made of layers of just lava.

• Made of layers of ash and lava.

• Very wide.

Multiple Choice

What kind of eruptions do stratovolcanoes have?

• Explosive eruptions.

• Effusive eruptions.

Multiple Choice

What kind of eruptions do shield volcanoes have?

• Explosive eruptions.

• Effusive eruptions.

Multiple Choice

What kind of volcano is this?

• Stratovolcano

• Shield volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

Multiple Choice

What kind of volcano is this?

• Stratovolcano

• Shield volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

Multiple Choice

What kind of volcano is this?

• Stratovolcano

• Shield volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

Multiple Choice

What is letter B in the picture?

• Magma Chamber

• Crater

• Vent

• Conduit

Multiple Choice

What is letter A in the picture?

• Main Vent

• Crater

• Caldera

• Tephra

Multiple Choice

What is letter D in the picture?

• Crater

• Vent

• Conduit

• Tephra

Multiple Choice

Where can you find a rift or divergent area of volcanism?

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• Pacific Ocean

Multiple Choice

What is the most explosive type of magma?

• Rhyolitic Magma

• Andesitic Magma

• Basaltic Magma

Multiple Choice

Which type of magma has the lowest gas content?

• Basaltic Magma

• Andesitic Magma

• Rhyolitic Magma

Multiple Choice

What material is carried in a pyroclastic flow?

• ash

• lava

• cinders

• all of above

Multiple Choice

A live volcano

• Dormant volcano

• Active volcano

• Extinct volcano

• Shield volcano