The Magic of Chemical Bonds Lesson

The Magic of Chemical Bonds

Understanding the powerful forces that hold atoms together and create the world around us.

The Power of Ionic Bonds

• Ionic bonds are formed between atoms with a large difference in electronegativity.
• One atom donates electrons, becoming a positive ion.
• The other atom accepts electrons, becoming a negative ion.
• This attraction between oppositely charged ions creates a strong bond.
• Examples include NaCl and MgO.

Multiple Choice

What type of bond is formed between atoms with a large difference in electronegativity?

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Metallic bond

• Hydrogen bond

Multiple Choice

What happens when two negatively charged ions are pushed together?

• they will repel (move apart)

• they will be attracted to each other (move together)

Multiple Choice

Will a chlorine atom gain or lose electrons?

• gain

• lose

Multiple Choice

Will a sodium atom gain or lose electrons?

• gain

• lose

Multiple Choice

Why are sodium and chlorine attracted to each other?

• they have opposite charges

• they both have negative charges

• they both have positive charges

Multiple Choice

How does oxygen become an oxide ion?

• it loses 2 electrons

• it gains 2 electrons

Multiple Choice

How does magnesium become an magnesium ion?

• it loses 2 electrons

• it gains 2 electrons

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct name for MgCl2....

• Magnesium Clorine
• Magnesium Dicholorine
• Magnesium Cloride
• Magnesium Dichloride

Multiple Choice

Because the force of attraction between the positive and negative ions is so strong, ionic compounds have _________ melting points.

• high
• low

The Magic of Covalent Bonds

Covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons to achieve stability. This type of bond is strong and forms between nonmetals. Electrons are shared equally in a nonpolar covalent bond, while they are shared unequally in a polar covalent bond. Covalent bonds are vital for the formation of molecules and compounds.

Multiple Choice

How do covalent bonds form?

• Donating & receiving valence e- between atoms.
• Opposite slight charges attract each other between compounds.
• Scientists are still not sure how they form.
• Sharing valence e- between atoms.

Covalent Compounds:

• Low melting and boiling points: Covalent compounds have weak intermolecular forces, resulting in low melting and boiling points.
• Poor electrical conductivity: Covalent compounds do not conduct electricity well due to the absence of free ions or electrons.
• Brittleness: Covalent compounds are often brittle and easily breakable due to the strong covalent bonds between atoms.

Multiple Choice

What two types of atoms make a covalent bond?

• 2 Nonmetals
• 1 Nonmetal and 1 Metal
• 2 Metals
• 2 Noble Gases

Multiple Choice

Name the following compound: 
CO₂

• monocarbon dioxide
• carbon oxide
• carbon dioxide
• oxygen carbonide

Multiple Choice

Valence electrons are found

• in the innermost energy level of an atom

• in the middle energy levels of an atom

• in the outermost energy levels of an atom

Multiple Choice

Covalent bonds are between...

• Metal and Non-metal
• Non-metal and Non-metal
• Metal and Metal

Multiple Choice

Why do elements bond?

• To be friends
• To create a new element
• To become stable

Multiple Choice

Where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table? 

• Blue
• Red
• Green

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct molecular structure for carbon dioxide?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an ionic bond?

• H₃N
• CaCl₂
• NO₂
• SCl

Multiple Choice

Name the following compound: 
N₂O₄

• dinitrogren tetraoxide
• tetranitrogen dioxide
• nitrogen oxide
• dinitrogen tetraoxygen

Multiple Choice

Name the following compound: 
CCl₄

• monocarbon quadchloride
• carbon tetrachloride
• carbon chloride
• monocarbon quadchloide

Multiple Choice

What are some properties of ionic compounds?

• Low melting and boiling points, insoluble in water, do not conduct electricity

• High melting and boiling points, soluble in water, conduct electricity when dissolved or molten

• Low melting and boiling points, soluble in water, do not conduct electricity

• High melting and boiling points, insoluble in water, do not conduct electricity

Multiple Choice

What do Lewis Dot Structures help us understand?

• The nature of chemical bonding

• The number of valence electrons

• The arrangement of atoms in a molecule

• The distribution of lone pairs of electrons

Multiple Choice

What type of bond occurs when atoms share electrons to achieve stability?

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

• Hydrogen bond

Multiple Choice

What are some properties of covalent compounds?

• High melting and boiling points, good electrical conductivity, and flexibility

• Low melting and boiling points, poor electrical conductivity, and brittleness

• High melting and boiling points, poor electrical conductivity, and flexibility

• Low melting and boiling points, good electrical conductivity, and brittleness