8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects

Chapter 10
The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects




Mrs. Freeman's Classroom (Notes to Print

What we will discuss...

​LESSON 4
TN-8.ESS.1.2

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1. What is a dwarf planet?

2. What are the characteristics of comets & asteroids?

3. How does an impact crater form?

Be sure to answer the questions as you complete the quiz. Turn in with your MASTERY SCORE (80% minimum or REDO) at the end.

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects

Let's take a look at the first question we will answer:

1. What is a dwarf planet?

2.

3.

Why are some planets called dwarf planets??

• To be considered a "real" planet, it must have THREE characteristics

Planet Criteria

• 1) Be large enough that it is rounded by its own gravity

• 2) It must orbit the Sun

• 3) It must have cleared the path of its orbit

• **Most dwarf planets do not meet #1 or #3

Multiple Select

Why is Pluto considered a dwarf planet?

• It orbits the Sun

• It does not clear its own orbit

• It has become rounded by its own gravity

Dwarf Planets are planets that are large enough to form a spherical body but not large enough to clear the area of debris. There are 5 dwarf planets.

​

​Eris and Pluto are the same size. Eris is 3x farther from the sun.

Pluto was considered the ninth planet in our solar system for many years. Astronomers now classify it as a dwarf planet. Asteroid Ida, identified in 1884, is the first observed asteroid with a moon.​

​

Pluto and Ida

Multiple Choice

How many dwarf planets are there?

• 1

• 4

• 16

• 5

Poll

What planet would you like to learn more about?

• mars

• jupiter

• venus

• saturn

• neptune

Multiple Choice

Where is the asteroid belt located?

• Between mars and jupiter

• Between Jupiter and Saturn

• Between Venus and Earth

• Between your home and Johnson Stem

Multiple Choice

What belt separates the inner and outer planets

• Comet Belt

• Asteroid Belt

• Meteor Belt

• Pants Belt

Multiple Choice

Objects similar in mass that orbit nearby are called

• Pluto

• Dwarf Planets

• Mars

• Comets

Multiple Choice

What objects orbit the sun, but are not considered planets

• Moons

• Asteroids and Comets

• Stars

• Meteors

Multiple Choice

The energy from the sun is created by a process called:

• nuclear fission
• nuclear fusion
• nuclear reaction
• nuclear core

Multiple Choice

Why do planets orbit around the sun?

• Because the Gravitational Pull. and they are smaller than the sun

• Because they cold and want to be warm

• The planets don't actually orbit around the sun

• Planets are attracted to the radiation from the sun, but they will pull away without the radiation.

Multiple Choice

What are the four inner planets?

• Mars, Jupiter, Earth, Venus

• Venus, Mars, Earth, Mercury

• Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Earth

• Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn

Multiple Choice

Made of ice, dust and gas

• asteroid
• meteoroid
• comet
• meteor

Multiple Choice

Often called shooting stars.

• asteroid
• meteoroid
• comet
• meteor

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects

Let's take a look at the second first question we will answer:

1.

2. What are the characteristics of comets & asteroids?

3.

Asteroids

• Most are rocky bodies that orbit in a region between Mars and Jupiter...asteroid belt.

• They vary in size and shape

• They revolve around the Sun.

• Some asteroids are outside the belt and their orbits cross over Earth's orbit...watch out!

Comets

• have a main body or head composed of ice, methane, ammonia and ice

• have a tail that emerges as they get closer to the Sun during their orbit

• have long, narrow, elliptical orbits that cause them to cross over paths of other objects in the solar system

• originate from regions of the solar system that lies beyond Neptune and even Pluto....Kuiper belt and Oort Cloud

Write down these notes before moving onto the next page!

Multiple Choice

What are comets made of?

• Metals like iron and nickel
• Gas
• Hydrogen Gas
• Ice and rock

Multiple Choice

The orbit of comets is which shape?

• Circular
• Elliptical/Oval
• Comets do not orbit the Sun

Write down these notes before moving onto the next page!

Multiple Choice

Huge chunks of rock and metal (some measuring miles wide) are believed to be left-over pieces of planets and moons called:

• Comets
• Meteors
• Asteroids
• Meteroids

Comets have an Elliptical or Oval Shaped Path

Multiple Select

What are comets MAINLY made out of - Select ALL that apply

• Metal

• Dust

• Ice

• Reindeer

Multiple Choice

Where are comets found?

• The Asteroid Belt

• Between The Sun and Earth

• Between Mars and Jupiter

• Kuiper Belt/Ort Cloud

Multiple Choice

Structure is like a giant dirty snowball

• Comet

• Meteor

• Asteroid

Multiple Choice

Is made of dust and rock and burns up in Earth's atmosphere

• Comet

• Meteor

• Asteroid

Multiple Choice

Made up of rock similar to the rock that formed the planets

• Comet

• Meteor

• Asteroid

Multiple Choice

Is made up of rock, dust, frozen water, ammonia, and methane

• Comet

• Meteor

• Asteroid

Multiple Choice

Most of them are located between Mars and Jupiter

• Comet

• Meteor

• Asteroid

Write down these notes before moving onto the next page!

Space Rocks

• Asteroids ar large space rocks

• Comets are are small icy objects that orbit the sun. They have a nucleus, a coma, and a tail.

• Meteors are small space rocks and dust.

• All orbit the sun in some way or another.

• Craters are holes cause by meteoroids hitting the Earth (or other objects).

Multiple Select

Which objects are typically smaller than planets?

• asteroids, meteors, and stars

• Stars, comets, and asteroids

• Asteroids, comets, meteors

• Stars and nebula

Multiple Choice

Which kind of body can become a shooting star?

• meteroids

• comets

• asteroids

• planets

Multiple Choice

What type of body has a nucleus, a coma, and a tail?

• asteroids

• meteoroids

• comets

• planets

Open Ended

Why does the moon seem to have more craters than the Earth?

Chapter 10-The Solar System
Lesson 8.10.4-Dwarf Planets & Other Objects

Let's take a look at the third question we will answer:

1.

2.

3. How does an impact crater form?

Craters

• Craters are formed when large meteroids make it through Earth's atmosphere and collide with Earth

• There are smaller and larger craters all over the Earth. Some are easily spotted some are hidden.

• The last large crater is believed to have been formed 4000 years ago.

Comets can be found in 3 places:
1) Oort Clouds (pictured to the left)
2) Kuiper Belt
3) Orbits

​

Where can Comets be found in space?

distant "cloud" of rock

surrounds the Solar System VERY FAR AWAY

Oort Cloud

What Are These Three Places?

Kuiper Belt

Orbits

a region of icy objects

found at the edge of our Solar System BEYOND Neptune

Narrow paths that go around the Sun

Typically long

Match

5) Match the following locations with where they are in the Solar System.

• Oort Clouds

• Kuiper Belt

• Orbits

a "cloud" of rock VERY far from our SS

icy objects beyond Neptune

narrow paths around the Sun

• a "cloud" of rock VERY far from our SS

• icy objects beyond Neptune

• narrow paths around the Sun

Gravity between Earth and the meteoroid INCREASES as it gets CLOSER!

Meteoroid is pulled into EARTH's atmosphere!

As it moves through Earth's atmosphere, it BURNS UP!

​

How Do Meteors Get to Earth?

an oddly shaped rock that is too small to become spherical (like a planet)

Meteoroid

What Do Meteoroids, Meteors, & Meteorites Look Like?

Meteor

Meteorite

a streak of light as it enters Earth's atmosphere and burn up (a shooting star)

a burnt rock that is charred on the outside

Multiple Choice

16) A meteor gets to Earth by _______ pulling it closer to Earth, causing it to burn up!

• the atmosphere

• gravity

Match

17) Match the following words with their appearance.

• Meteorite

• Meteor

• Meteoroid

a burnt rock

a streak of light as enters atmosphere

oddly shaped rock

• a burnt rock

• a streak of light as enters atmosphere

• oddly shaped rock

Asteroids get pulled AWAY from the Asteroid Belt by GRAVITY

THIS STARTS A NEW TRAJECTORY AROUND THE SUN

It MAY INTERSECT Earth's Orbit

How Do Asteroids Get to Earth?

NASA sent a mission named LUCY to study Trojan asteroids

GRAVITY on MOST ASTEROIDS is MUCH LESS than on the moon, meaning things are held more WEAKLY

Facts

Asteroids are MASSIVE and oddly shaped

Covered in DUST and IMPACT CRATERS

Looks

What Do Asteroids Look Like?

Multiple Choice

23) Asteroids are pulled away from the _________________ by gravity, which causes the to intersect the orbit of Earth.

• Kuiper Belt

• Oort Cloud

• Asteroid Belt

Multiple Choice

25) Asteroids are covered in...

• dust and impact craters

• ice

• metals