11.1 Gas Laws

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Gas Laws

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​School Announcements:

• Boyle's Law

• Charles’s Law

• Avogadro’s Law

• Ideal Gas Law

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Multiple Choice

Of these three states of matter, which one has the most kinetic energy? 

• Solid 
• Liquid 
• Gas

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​Pressure

​Pressure: The amount of force applied per unit of area.

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​In gases, as pressure increases, volume decreases.

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​Why?

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​When the particles in a gas are compressed, they have less space to move around. As a result, the particles start to collide with one another more often — this increases pressure!

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Pressure

⦿ Pressure- Force per unit area. Dependent on volume temperature. (Gas Laws)

1 atm

0.3 atm

0 atm

​DOES AIR WEIGH ANYTHING?

Multiple Choice

When the area decreases what happens to the gas particles?

• The pressure increases due to the applied force

• The pressure decreases due to the applied force

• The force and pressure are unrelated

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Units of Pressure

Pascal - Pa (SI Unit)

Atmospheric – atm (we will use this unit)

Torr – torr

Millimeters of mercury – mmHg

Pounds per square inch - psi

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Multiple Choice

When Volume increases then Pressure must...

• Increase
• Decrease

Multiple Choice

When Pressure increases then the Volume must...

• Increase
• decrease

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​Volume and pressure have an INVERSE RELATIONSHIP.

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​If pressure increases, volume decreases (gas is compressed).

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​If pressure decreases, volume increases (gas is released/expands)

​BOYLE'S LAW Equation

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​BOYLE'S LAW Equation

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​P₁ is initial Pressure
V₁ is initial Volume

​P₂ is Final Pressure
V₂ is Final Volume

Match

Match the following

• P₁

• V₁

• P₂

• V₂

Initial pressure

Initial volume

Final pressure

Final Volume

• Initial pressure

• Initial volume

• Final pressure

• Final Volume

Multiple Choice

The formula for BOYLE'S LAW is?

• $$P_1V_1=P_2V_2$$  

• $$\frac{\text{V1}}{\text{T1}}=\frac{\text{V2}}{\text{T2}}$$  

• $$pV=nRT$$  

Multiple Choice

What happens to the balloon when the syringe plunger is pulled upwards?

• The balloon remained unchanged

• The balloon increased in size

• The balloon decreased in size

Multiple Choice

According to the video what keeps the mass of the air molecules constant?

• The size of the syringe

• The temperature of the air

• Covering the opening of the syringe

• Water in the balloon