EOC Standard 2 Review

Standard 3 EOC Review

Westward Expansion, Civil War and Reconstruction

What is Manifest

Destiny?

• The belief that America is destined to

expand its boundaries over their new
continent.

• The idea of Manifest Destiny had spread

throughout the nation. Some believed the
American way of life needed to be spread
to Canada, Mexico, Pacific islands, and
beyond!

• “GOD SAID GO WEST”

Multiple Choice

What was the overall purpose of the Homestead Act?

• Encourage people to migrate westward

• To spread people out more

• To keep people in the same place

• To make everyone leave

Multiple Choice

The primary goal of manifest destiny was to

• secession of southern states from the nation

• removal of European influence from South America

• end slavery in the new territories

• expansion westward to the Pacific Ocean

Louisiana Purchase

•Purchased by Jefferson
•Doubled size of the US
•Went against his strict interpretation of the Constitution
•Made Slavery an issue going forward

Multiple Choice

Which persident bought the Lousiana Territory

• George Washington

• James Madison

• John Adams

• Thomas Jefferson

Multiple Choice

Which country sold Louisiana Territory to the USA

• Canada

• Britain

• France

• Spain

Multiple Choice

Lewis and Clark were famous because

• They bought Louisiana for the USA

• The explored the Louisiana Territory

• They fought for Napoleon's army

• The saved Washington from the British army

Westward Expansion

and Slavery

• How would we decide which

new states would allow
slavery?

• Main issue when creating new

states

• Missouri Compromise (1820)

• Missouri = Slave State

• Maine = Free State

• Postponed the Civil War

Multiple Choice

What is the term for disagreements between different regions of a nation?

• sectionalism

• federalism

• nationalism

• suffrage

Multiple Choice

How did the Missouri Compromise increase sectional tensions between the Northern free states and the Southern slave states?

• The Missouri Compromise limited religious freedom.

• The Missouri Compromise limited the expansion of slavery into new Western territories.

• The Missouri Compromise limited the expansion of new road and canal building projects.

• The Missouri Compromise limited trade in new Western territories

Events Supporting Manifest Destiny

(Land Acquisitions)

Louisiana Purchase

Gadsden Purchase

Guadalupe Hidalgo

Adams Onis Treaty

Oregon Territory

• Doubled the size

of the United
States

• Purchased from the

French by Thomas
Jefferson

• Went against his

strict interpretation
of the constitution

• Treaty between US

and Mexixo

• US purchases land

that becomes

Arizona and New

Mexico

• Necessary for

transcontinental

railroad

• Result of

Mexican-American
war

• Over annexation of

Texas

• Mexico outlawed

Slavery in Texas

• Leads to Mexican

Cession

• States created:

California, New
Mexico, Arizona,
Colorado, and
Wyoming

• Treaty between

Spain and US

• US purchases Florida

from Spain

• Initially agreed to

share with British

• President Polk

willing to go to war

under 54º40' or fight

• Settled peacefully

Andrew Jackson and Native Americans

•Indian Removal Act – Order by Andrew
Jackson, forcibly moved Indians West
of the Mississippi

•Trail of Tears – result of IRA. Native
Americans moved to Oklahoma, many
died.

•Dawes Act – forced assimilation on
Native Americans. “Act more like the
white man”

Henry Clay: American System

•Created:

•National Bank
•Protective Tariffs
•Roads and Canals (Eerie Canal)
•Quicker production and cheaper price
of goods

•The system heavily favored the North and
West. South did not like this!

Explanation Slide...

The American System, a plan proposed by Henry Clay, had three main goals: establishing a strong central bank, implementing a protective tariff, and developing a robust transportation system. These measures were designed to strengthen the American economy and promote national unity. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Strong central bank, protective tariff, and transportation system'.

Multiple Choice

What were the three goals of the American system?

• Strong central bank, protective tariff, and transportation system

• Internal improvements, transportation system, and protective tariff

• Nationalist spirit, strong central bank, and cheap credit

Monroe Doctrine

•Warned Europeans to stay out of the
Western Hemisphere!

•Existing European colonies would
not be interfered with.

•Any act breaking this doctrine would
be considered hostile.

Women’s Rights

• States out West allow women the right to vote!

• Why? Because they worked the land just as

hard as the men.

• Seneca Falls (1848) – the first women’s rights

movement!

• Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

denied right to speak at abolitionist
convention

• Held convention for women’s rights instead!
• Issued Declaration of Sentiment – like the

DOI for women!

Standard 3 EOC Review

Civil War and Reconstruction

Election of 1860

• Lincoln wins!
• How does South react? -->

Angrily!

• Election causes South to

SECEDE

WHAT DOES CIVIL WAR SHOW?

• War is over Slavery!

• States are not sovereign over the

union!

Multiple Choice

Which state seceded first before Lincoln took office?

• Texas

• South Carolina

• Florida

• Mississippi

Why did Lincoln Fight

the civil war?

A. To FREE the slaves

B. To PUNISH the South

C. To PRESERVE the Union

Multiple Choice

What did Lincoln promise regarding existing slavery?

• To not interfere with it

• To interfere with it

• To abolish it immediately

• To protect it

Before the war

• More people moving to cities over farms
• Free African Americans living in the

North
• Post Civil War African Americans move

from South to West = Exodusters
• Abolitionist movement gains support in

North --> led to growing tensions!

Notable Abolitionists and

movements

Frederick Douglas – former slave,
self-taught, wanted freedom and

education for slaves.

William Lloyd Garrison – used
newspaper The Liberator to

argue for abolition.

Grimke Sisters - First women public

speakers, Quakers, argued

women's rights and abolition.

John Brown - North liked him,

South didn't! Raid on

Harper's Ferry opposed popular
sovereignty in Kansas, leads to

Bleeding Kansas!

Nat Turner - Slave, led a rebellion
that would increase tension over

slavery.

Harriet Beecher Stowe - wrote
Uncle Tom’s Cabin🡪 increased

North’s dislike of slavery.

Harriet Tubman - AKA Black Moses.
Helped over 300 slaves escape via

the Underground Railroad.

Seneca Falls (1848) - More than an
abolitionist conference. Pushed for
Women's rights and the idea of
temperance (no alcohol!)

•Sojourner Truth, Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
Lucreita Mott, and Frederick Douglas all
supported!

Multiple Choice

How did 'Bleeding Kansas,' the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry have similar effects on the United States?

• ended conflict over slavery in the territories

• eased tensions between the North and the South

• contributed to the formation of the Whig Party

• made sectional compromise more difficult

Multiple Choice

John Brown's raid directly touched on one of the greatest fears of Southerners which was that

• Britain would end trading with the South.

• the North would attempt to send more abolitionists down to the South.

• slaves would revolt.

• the North would end slavery in the District of Columbia.

Multiple Choice

"Uncle Tom's Cabin Stirs Controversy"

"Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict"

John Brown's Raid Angers South"

Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these headlines?

• The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery.

• Americans had lost confidence in the plan for Reconstruction.

• Northern and Southern voters were united in support of popular sovereignty.

• Support for the abolitionist movement decreased during this period.

Division and “Compromise”

• Sectionalism – Differences between the North, West,

and South 🡪 major factor in Civil War
• Missouri Compromise (1820)

• Northerners were opposed to Missouri's entry as a slave

state.

• Missouri was admitted as a slave state and Maine as a

free state.

• Only POSTPONED the Civil War!

• Compromise of 1850

• Goal: keep the balance between N and S
• California entered as a Free State
• Fugitive Slave Act – illegal to help runaway slaves

(CONTROVERSIAL)

Increasing Sectionalism

• Kansas Nebraska Act –

• Both states would be allowed Popular Sovereignty.

• Kansas = SLAVE.
• Nebraska = FREE.

• Broke the Missouri Compromise!
• Bleeding Kansas – violent confrontation between

Abolitionists and Pro-slavers

• Transcontinental Railroads

• Connected the North and West (left out the South) 🡪

increased migration to Western Farms

• Killed off most of the Buffalo
• Native Americans seen as an obstacle, further hurt by

the government

Multiple Choice

A well-known abolitionist who was willing to use violence to end slavery and was hanged for treason.

• James Lane

• Samuel Jones

• Andrew Reeder

• John Brown

Multiple Choice

The Underground Railroad was:

• a network of safe houses that helped slaves escape.

• the first railroad to be built across the continental United States.

• a company run by slave owners wanting to move to Kansas Territory.

• Destroyed during the Wakarusa War.

Multiple Choice

Attempts to organize a government in Kansas Territory were difficult because:

• there was too much violence in Kansas Territory.

• both antislavery and proslavery forces wanted control of the government.

• those who invested in the towns only did so to make a profit.

• the new settler did not have experience setting up a government.

Civil War: North

• Advantages

• Industry : weapons and resources
• Navy : much stronger than South
• Population : had more soldiers

• Anaconda Plan

• North’s plan for the South, close Southern

Ports and take the Mississippi

• 54th Regiment

• All black regiment during the Civil War
• Attacked Fort Wagner
• Encouraged more African Americans to fight,

showed others they were not inferior.

Civil War: South

•Better Military and Military
Leaders (like Robert E.
Lee)

•8 out of 9 Military
Academies

•Cotton economy
internationally important
•Fighting on home turf

(Not this! )

(This!)

Multiple Choice

Which was an advantage for the North at the start of the Civil War?

• a larger population

• a well-led army

• fewer railroads

• a fighting spirit

Multiple Choice

Which was an advantage for the South at the start of the Civil War?

• a smaller population

• an industrial economy

• a well-led army

• fewer miles of railroad

Multiple Choice

How did the number of factories in the North affect the Civil War?

• It gave the South an economic advantage.

• It gave the South an economic advantage.

• It gave the North a military advantage.

• It gave the North a political advantage.

Multiple Choice

Compared to the South during the Civil War, the North had more

• large farms.

• miles of railroad.

• miles of coastline.

• experienced military leaders.

Defining
Battles

• Ft Sumter – First shots of the

Civil War

• Antietam – Bloodiest battle.

Kept Britain out of war!

• Vicksburg – Gave Union control

of Mississippi!

• Ft Wagner – Showed strength of

African American’s 54th
Regiment

• Gettysburg – Turning Point for

the Union

• Appomattox Courthouse – Lee

surrenders to Grant (union
wins!)

Multiple Choice

What was Lincoln's main reason for fighting in the war?

• to get rid of slavery

• to bring the British and French to America

• to show his strength as a president

• to preserve the Union

Multiple Choice

Who won the Battle of Bull Run?

• Confederates

• Union

• British

• Northerners

Multiple Choice

Battle took place in Maryland and was the closest Civil War battle to Washington D.C. The Union won and gave Abraham Lincoln the victory he needed to issue his Emancipation Proclamation.

• Antietam

• Bull Run

• Gettysburg

• Vicksburg

Post Civil War

• Reconstruction –

• Plan to restore peace. Lincoln did not want to overly punish the south; his VP Johnson blamed the

rich.

• Same thing, 3 different names:

• Congressional
• Military
• Radical
• The Military(Bluebellies) divided the South up into districts to fix the South

• Civil War Amendments

• 13th – Freed all slaves. South worked around this with Black Codes and Jim Crow (racist laws to keep AA’s down)
• 14th – Overturns Dredd Scott Decision. Slaves were now citizens!
• 15th – Male Suffrage. All AA males could now vote.

• Impact?

• AA males in the South could now vote for office. Many AA’s elected to office immediately but would

later be changed due to Black Codes and Jim Crow.

Multiple Choice

Which amendment gave African American men the right to vote?

• 15th Amendment

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 17th Amendment

Multiple Choice

What term was used for white Southerners who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party?

• Scalawags

• Carpetbaggers

• Freedmen

• Radicals

Multiple Choice

What agreement ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South?

• Compromise of 1877

• Missouri Compromise

• Compromise of 1850

• Kansas-Nebraska Act

Progress

• Freedmen’s Bureau

• Created to assist recently freed slaves and help educate them. Also helped poor

whites.

• WEB Dubois

• AA’s should demand full rights NOW
• Cofounder of NAACP
• Whites did not like

• Ida B Wells

• Fought against lynching
• Rule of Law – AA’s now had constitutional rights
• Her and Jane Addams 🡪 desegregate and women’s suffrage

• Booker T Washington

• Argued AA’s needed to gain respect
• Encouraged them to take vocational jobs
• Started Tuskegee Institute

• Civil Rights Act (1866)

• Fought against Black Codes and Jim Crow in South. 14th Amendment needed to be

enforced!

Review

Segregation

De Jure:

De Facto:

​De Jure segreation means BY LAW (Jur= JURY, JUDICIAL, JUDGE.

By Public Opinion or by practice, not Law
example- Schools are mostly one race because neighborhoods are segregated — even though segregation is illegal.

​Your text here

Multiple Choice

All the real estate agents in a town decided to come to an agreement that they will not sell houses to anyone that has a tattoo.

• De Facto

• De Jure

Multiple Choice

The city council passed a policy that police are to enforce a curfew for anyone over the age of 65 to not drive past 7 pm.

• De Facto

• De Jure

Multiple Choice

The House of Representatives has just passed a bill that raises the driving age to 21 in the United States.

• De Facto

• De Jure

Explanation Slide...

City council and police are both parts of the government so it is de jure.

Multiple Choice

The city council passed a policy that police are to enforce a curfew for anyone over the age of 65 to not drive past 7 pm.

• De Facto

• De Jure

Multiple Choice

The students of a school create a campaign to help a local homeless shelter.

• De Facto

• De Jure

Pushback

• South did not honor Civil War Amendments

•Jim Crow and Black Codes – laws passed to
prevent African Americans from voting
•KKK – white hate group committed acts of
violence and intimidation
•Poll Taxes, Literacy Tests, Grandfather
Clause 🡪 all ways of preventing AA’s from
voting

• Plessy V. Ferguson (1896) – Separate but equal. Goes

Against 14th amendment!
• Solid South – Redeemer Government, fought to get

Northern Republicans out of South
• Compromise of 1877 – Election too close to call, deal

that ends Reconstruction!

Multiple Choice

Reconstruction succeeded in its goals of restoring the Union and helping to

• regulate the railroads

• eliminate the Ku Klux Klan

• destroy the Freedmen’s Bureau

• repair the war-torn South

Multiple Choice

The main goal of the Ku Klux Klan during the Reconstruction was to

• prevent African Americans from exercising their rights.

• gain control of state legislatures.

• restore the Confederacy.

• improve conditions for poor whites.

Multiple Choice

Reconstruction came to end when

• President Johnson was impeached.

• federal troops were removed from the South.

• the Fifteenth Amendment was ratified.

• the Freedmen’s Bureau was dismantled.

Multiple Choice

The Freedmen’s Bureau succeeded in

• electing African Americans to southern state governments.

• keeping ex-Confederate supporters out of office.

• redistributing formerly white-owned land to black southerners.

• providing clothing, medical care, food, and education to many freed people.

Multiple Choice

What were laws passed in the South after the Civil War to restrict the rights of African Americans called?

• Black Codes

• Jim Crow Laws

• Civil Rights Acts

• Reconstruction Acts

Multiple Choice

The Reconstruction Act of 1867

• gave voting rights to all Southerners.

• closed the South to scalawags.

• closed the South to Democrats.

• put the South under military rule.

Multiple Choice

What was the verdict in President Johnson’s impeachment trial?

• He escaped conviction by one vote.

• He was forced to confess his guilt.

• He was removed from office.

• He was found guilty.