CPC 5.3 Periodic Trends

Multiple Choice

The principle quantum number, n, represents the:

• spin value

• suborbital value

• energy level

• magnetic value

Multiple Choice

How is the radius of a metal atom in a crystal determined?

• By the number of electrons

• Half the distance between two adjacent atoms

• By the atomic mass

• The distance from the center of one atom to the center of the next

Multiple Choice

How is the radius of a nonmetal atom often determined?

• From a single atom

• From a molecule of two identical atoms

• From the atomic number

• From the electron configuration

Multiple Choice

What happens to the atomic radius as you move from left to right within a period?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It remains the same

• It fluctuates randomly

Multiple Choice

What happens to the atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It remains the same

• It fluctuates randomly

Multiple Choice

Which element has the smallest atomic radius in the provided diagram?

• Helium (He)

• Hydrogen (H)

• Lithium (Li)

• Neon (Ne)

Multiple Choice

What is an ion?

• An atom or group of atoms with no charge

• An atom or group of atoms with a charge

• A molecule with a neutral charge

• A single electron

Multiple Choice

What happens to the size of an atom when it loses electrons and forms a positively charged ion?

• It becomes larger

• It stays the same

• It becomes smaller

• It becomes neutral

Multiple Select

Why do atoms become smaller when they lose electrons?

(Choose 2)

• The gain of a valence electron

• Increase in electrostatic repulsion

• Loss of a valence electron

• Decrease in atomic mass

• Decrease in electrostatic repulsion

Multiple Choice

What happens to the size of an atom when it gains electrons?

• It becomes smaller

• It becomes larger

• It stays the same

• It becomes neutral

Multiple Choice

What is the ionic charge of Chlorine (Cl)?

• 1+

• 2+

• 1−

• 2−

Multiple Choice

In Period 2, 3 and 4 which group has the largest ions?

• 15

• 1

• 18

• 13

Multiple Choice

What happens to the ionic radii of positive ions as you move from left to right across a period?

• They increase

• They decrease

• They remain the same

• They fluctuate randomly

Multiple Choice

At which group do the ionic radii of negative ions begin to decrease from left to right?

• Group 10

• Group 02

• Group 15

• Group 18

Multiple Choice

What is the trend in the size of both positive and negative ions as you move down a group?

• They decrease

• They increase

• They remain constant

• They first increase, then decrease

Multiple Choice

What is ionization energy?

• The energy required to add an electron to a gaseous atom

• The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom

• The energy required to split an atom

• The energy required to form a chemical bond

Multiple Choice

What is the energy required to remove the first electron from an atom called?

• Second ionization energy

• First reduction energy

• First ionization energy

• First electronegativity energy

Multiple Choice

Does each successive ionization require more energy?

• Yes, and it is a steady increase

• No, it requires less energy

• Yes, but it is not a steady increase

• No, it remains constant

Multiple Choice

What happens to the first ionization energy as you move from left to right across a period?

• It decreases

• It increases

• It remains constant

• It fluctuates

Multiple Choice

Why does the first ionization energy decrease down a group?

• Atomic size decreases

• More energy is required

• Atomic size increases

• Electrons are closer to the nucleus

Multiple Choice

According to the octet rule, what do atoms tend to do to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons?

• Gain, lose, or share

• Only gain electrons

• Only lose electrons

• Remain unchanged

Multiple Choice

Which elements are an exception to the octet rule?

• Third-period elements

• 1^st and 2^nd period metals

• 4^th and 5^th period nonmetals

• Noble gases

Multiple Choice

What does the electronegativity of an element indicate?

• Its atomic mass

• Its ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond

• Its ability to attract protons in a chemical bond

• Its ability to repel electrons in a chemical bond

Multiple Choice

How does electronegativity change across a period in the periodic table?

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It increases

• It fluctuates randomly

Multiple Choice

How does electronegativity change down a group in the periodic table?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It fluctuates randomly

Multiple Choice

Which element has the highest electronegativity according to the diagram?

• Oxygen

• Fluorine

• Chlorine

• Nitrogen

Multiple Choice

How is the radius of a metal atom measured?

• the distance between two adjacent atoms in a crystal lattice

• the distance between two identical atoms in a molecule

• one-half the distance between two adjacent atoms in a crystal lattice

• one-half the distance between two identical atoms in a molecule

Multiple Choice

Moving left to right within a period, atomic radius generally ______.

• stays the same

• increases

• decreases

• increases, then decreases

Multiple Choice

Moving down within a group, atomic radius generally ______.

• stays the same

• increases

• decreases

• increases, then decreases

Multiple Choice

Moving left to right within a period, first ionization energy ______.

• stays the same

• increases

• decreases

• increases, then decreases

Multiple Choice

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire how many valence electrons?

• 0

• 6

• 8

• 18