Basic Chemistry Lesson

Basic Chemistry

Atom structure and bonds​

​Electrons (e-) have a negative charge

Protons (p) have a positive charge

Neutrons do not have a charge​

​

The nucleus of the atom contains the neutrons and protons.

The nucleus is surrounded by orbiting electrons.​

​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has a positive charge?

• Proton (p)

• Neutron (n)

• Electron (e-)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has a negative charge?

• Proton (p)

• Neutron (n)

• Electron (e-)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has no charge?

• Proton (p)

• Neutron (n)

• Electron (e-)

Multiple Choice

What are the three components of an atom?

• Proton, neutron, electron

• Particle, neutron, electron

• Proton, neutron, electricity

• Proton, mitochondria, electron

The whole number, usually located in a corner is the atomic number. It represents the number of protons​

The other number, usually followed by several places beyond the decimal, is the atomic mass.​

Basic information from the periodic table:​

Reading the Periodic Table

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number?

• 12.0107

• 6

In a covalent bond a e- is shared between atoms. This is the strongest bond.​

​

Covalent Bond

​

In an ionic bond, an atom transfers an e- to another atom.

This is the second strongest bond.​

​

Ionic Bond

​

In a hydrogen bond, the partially positive and partially negative poles of an atom are attracted to each other like a magnet.​ These bonds include a hydrogen

​

Hydrogen Bond

​

These bonds are between a negatively charged and positively charged pole. This is the weakest charge.​

​

​van der Waals

​

Multiple Choice

Which is a bond where the electron (e-) is transfered?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals

Multiple Choice

Which is a bond where the electron (e-) is shared?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals

Multiple Choice

Which is a bond where a charged hydrogen is attracted to another molecule?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals

Multiple Choice

Which is a bond where a charged atom that may not include a hydrogen is attracted to another atom?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals

Multiple Choice

Which is the strongest bond?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals

Multiple Choice

Which is the weakest bond?

• Ionic

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• van der Waals