Natural Disturbances to Ecosystems

Changes in Ecosystems

BIO 11°

​Life find a way...

Shortly after an eruption, it may appear that this rocky, desolate landscape will never again contain life. However, gradually—often over many decades—this seemingly lifeless region can transform into a thriving, vital, and diverse ecosystem.​

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Disturbances in Ecosystems

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Many of our actions affect ecosystems.

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​Human-Caused Disturbances

Are caused by nature. ​

Ex. Tornadoes, earthquakes, volcanoes, and lightning-caused forest fires

​Natural Disturbances

As the human population grows, the amount of land used for human development increases.​

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Urbanization refers to the process by which human developments, such as cities and towns, are established and develop as more people begin living in central areas.

The ability of an ecosystem to resist change from a disturbance. Some ecosystems are highly resistant to change, while others have little resistance

​​Ecosystem Resistance

The ability of an ecosystem to recover after it has undergone a disturbance.This means that even though the structure of the ecosystem is affected in some way, the ecosystem can recover quickly and return to functioning as it did before the disturbance.

​​Ecosystem Resilience

Ecosystem Stability

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​Ecological Succession

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ceDE01iWLE

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​Lichens and moss (pioneer species) appear

Erosion breaks rocks apart into smaller pieces and decomposition of pioneer species adds nutrients to the ground (soil formation)

Small annuals (plants) start to appear

Grasses and ferns (perennials) appear

Shrubs and bushes appear

Softwoods such as conifers (trees with cones) appear

Hardwoods such as oak, maple, hickory, walnut, and cherry trees

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Primary Succession

Eventually a community reaches a steady with relatively no change which is called a climax community.

​Climax Comminuty

Process in which recolonization of plants occurs after some kind of natural disaster such as a forest fire.

Quicker than primary succession since the soil still remains

​Secondary Succession​

Non-renewable

Renewable

But... What are the types of resources?

Open Ended

If we run out or resources, what might happen?

​Is the measurnment​ of how much land,water andnatural resourcesa person, cit, country or humanity requires to reproduce the resource it consumes.

What is the ecological footprint?