SOL Review - Day 1: Biochemistry

Multiple Choice

What is a water molecule composed of?

• 1 Hydrogen atom and 2 Oxygen atoms
• 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom
• 3 Oxygen atoms
• 2 Helium atoms and 1 Oxygen atom

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the negative end?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

Which letter represents the positive end?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

Because water has a positive and a negative end, and is attracted to other molecules it is called a ______ molecule.

• mickey mouse
• polar (tiny magnet)
• special
• miracle

Multiple Choice

What about the chemical structure of water causes many of the critical properties that support life on Earth?

• Hydrogen Bonds

• Cohesive behavior

• Polarity

• Expansion Upon Freezing

Multiple Choice

Why does ice float in liquid water?  

• Liquid water is more dense than ice
• Liquid water is less dense than ice
• Liquid water and ice have equal densities
• Liquid water is warmer than ice

Multiple Choice

What is adhesion?

• Water's ability to stick to itself
• Water's ability to stick to other substances
• The strength of the cohesion of all the water molecules combined
• Tape, glue and other adhesives

Multiple Choice

What is cohesion?

• Water's ability to stick to itself
• Water's ability to stick to other substances
• The strength of the cohesion of all the water molecules combined
• Tape, glue and other adhesives

Multiple Choice

What is surface tension?

• Water's ability to stick to itself
• Water's ability to stick to other substances
• The strength of the cohesion of all the water molecules combined
• Tape, glue and other adhesives

Multiple Choice

What property of water allows water to flow against gravity?

• Polarity

• Cohesion

• Capillary Action

• Adhesion

Multiple Choice

Water is a universal solvent because it...

• It can be found anywhere
• It freezes when it gets cold
• floats when frozen
• Dissolves most substances

Multiple Choice

A __________________ is a large molecule made of many small ones.

• Monomer

• Dissacharide

• Polymer

• Sugar

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a nucleic acid?

• Stores genetic information
• Stores energy
• Quick source of energy
• Builds structures

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule stores energy?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids/Fats

• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body

• storing genetic information
• structure
• speed up chemical reactions
• transport things through cell membrane

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule is used as our main source of energy?

• Nucleic Acids

• Lipids/fats

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

Multiple Choice

Protein in food gives you energy.

• True

• False

Match

Match the following

carbohydrate

lipid

protein

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• protein

Multiple Choice

Enzyme

• proteins that speed up chemical reactions

• Changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions)

• the capacity for doing work

• the energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Multiple Choice

Chemical reactions

• proteins that speed up chemical reactions

• Changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions)

• the capacity for doing work

• the energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Multiple Choice

Energy

• proteins that speed up chemical reactions

• Changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions)

• the capacity for doing work

• the energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Multiple Choice

Activation energy

• proteins that speed up chemical reactions

• Changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions)

• the capacity for doing work

• the energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Multiple Choice

Reactants

• the substances changed during a chemical reaction (goes into the process)

• the substances made by a chemical reaction (comes out of the process)

• substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

• reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Multiple Choice

In the diagram, what is letter A? 

• product
• substrate
• enzyme-substrate complex
• active site

Multiple Choice

Products

• the substances changed during a chemical reaction (goes into the process)

• the substances made by a chemical reaction (comes out of the process)

• substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

• reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Multiple Choice

Denature

• the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate

• a change in the shape of a protein (such as an enzyme) that can be caused by changes in temperature or pH (among other things).

• substance that can bind to an enzyme and prevent the substrate from properly binding

• macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, include enzymes

Multiple Choice

Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 

• 15^oC
• 40^oC
• 30^oC
• 35^oC

Multiple Choice

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

• lowering the activation energy.
• raising the activation energy.
• releasing energy.
• absorbing energy.

Multiple Choice

What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?

• -ose
• -ase
• -ese
• -tic

Multiple Choice

Letter D...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter E...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter B...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter C...

• active site
• enzymes
• substrate
• products