Holt Ch 10 PPt

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about the kinetic-molecular theory of gases or the behavior of real gases?

Multiple Select

Which of the following are reasons why gases are considered fluids?

• Gas particles move rapidly in all directions.

• Gas particles have significant attractive forces between them.

• Gas particles glide easily past one another.

• Liquids and gases both flow.

Open Ended

How does the kinetic-molecular theory explain the behavior of gases in everyday situations?

Multiple Choice

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, which of the following statements about gases is correct?

• Gases have a definite shape and volume.

• Gases completely fill any container in which they are enclosed.

• Gases behave ideally at very high pressure and low temperature.

• Gases do not expand to fill their containers.

Open Ended

What is the significance of understanding the kinetic-molecular theory of gases in everyday life?

Open Ended

How is the behavior of liquids different from that of gases in terms of shape and volume?

Open Ended

Why did you not smell the odor of the vapor immediately?

Open Ended

List and briefly describe the five assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases.

Fill in the Blank

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the kinetic energy of a moving object is given by the equation KE = ___ mv^2.

Fill in the Blank

The density of a gaseous substance at atmospheric pressure is about 1/___ the density of the same substance in the liquid or solid state.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the five assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?

• Gas particles are in continuous, rapid, random motion.

• There are strong forces of attraction between gas particles.

• Collisions between gas particles are elastic.

• The temperature of a gas depends on the average kinetic energy of its particles.

Open Ended

Explain how the random and continuous motion of gas molecules leads to diffusion.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are correct according to the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?

• All gases at the same temperature have the same average kinetic energy.

• Heavier gas particles move faster than lighter ones at the same temperature.

• There are no forces of attraction between gas particles.

• Collisions between gas particles are elastic.

Open Ended

Explain how the kinetic-molecular theory accounts for the differences in speed between hydrogen and oxygen molecules at the same temperature.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between diffusion and effusion in gases?

• Diffusion involves gas particles passing through a tiny opening, while effusion is the mixing of gases.

• Diffusion is the mixing of gases, while effusion involves gas particles passing through a tiny opening.

• Both diffusion and effusion involve mixing of gases without any barrier.

• Effusion occurs only at high temperatures.

Multiple Choice

Under which conditions is a real gas most likely to behave like a non-ideal gas?

• Low pressure and high temperature

• High pressure and low temperature

• Low pressure and low temperature

• High pressure and high temperature

Multiple Choice

Which of the following intermolecular forces is NOT typically found between liquid particles?

• Dipole-dipole forces

• London dispersion forces

• Hydrogen bonding

• Ionic bonding

Fill in the Blank

A substance that can flow and take the shape of its container is called a ___.

Multiple Select

Select all the properties that are characteristic of liquids but not of gases.

• Definite volume

• Ability to flow

• Fixed shape

• Relatively high density

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the motion of particles in a liquid according to the kinetic-molecular theory?

• Particles are bound together in fixed positions.

• Particles move about constantly and are not bound in fixed positions.

• Particles are completely stationary.

• Particles only vibrate in place.

Open Ended

Explain how the constant, random motion of particles in a liquid leads to diffusion.

Multiple Choice

What is the main reason diffusion is much slower in liquids than in gases?

• Liquid particles are closer together, causing stronger attractive forces.

• Liquids have higher temperatures than gases.

• Gases have more mass than liquids.

• Liquids are always colder than gases.

Open Ended

Explain how the process of diffusion in liquids is similar to and different from diffusion in gases, using the example of food coloring in water.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about diffusion in liquids are correct?

• Diffusion is slower in liquids than in gases.

• Attractive forces between liquid particles slow their movement.

• Increasing the temperature of a liquid speeds up diffusion.

• Liquid particles are farther apart than in gases.

Fill in the Blank

The force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid’s surface together, decreasing surface area to the smallest possible size, is called ___.

Multiple Choice

What is capillary action responsible for in a graduated cylinder?

• The formation of a concave meniscus.

• The increase in boiling point.

• The decrease in freezing point.

• The evaporation of the liquid.

Open Ended

Describe the difference between evaporation and boiling, and explain why evaporation can occur at temperatures below the boiling point of a liquid.