Properties of Matter Introduction

​Properties of Matter Introduction

By Victor Castillo

Grab your PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL NOTES on NOTABILITY

Use this WayGround activity to help you with answering the following handouts:

Ch 04.1:
Physical Properties of Matter

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
1. define the term physical property
2. give examples of physical properties of matter

physical property

- a property of matter that can be measured or observed without matter changing to an entirely different substance
- can be detected by the senses

Open Ended

What differences between snow and sand can you detect with your senses?

You can see that snow and sand have a different color.

You can feel that snow is softer than sand.

Both color and hardness are physical properties of matter.

What differences between snow and sand can you detect with your senses?

Open Ended

What are some physical properties of this copper wire?

• ability to conduct heat

• ability to conduct electricity

• malleable - able to be shaped

• ductile - can be rolled and stretched into long thin shapes

What are some physical properties of this copper wire?

Both of these observations are examples of physical properties:

• solubility - the ability to dissolve in other substances

• density - how closely packed the particles of matter are to each other

This is lemonade. It contains dissolved sugar. The ice cubes float at the top because they are less dense than the lemonade.

Multiple Select

Did you know that water can boil, freeze, and melt?

Which of these would be a physical property of water?

• boiling point

• melting point

• freezing point

All of these are physical properties of matter!

• boiling point - the temperature at which a substance boils

• melting point - the temperature at which a substance melts

• freezing point - the temperature at which a substance freezes

Open Ended

These skunks may be cute, but they all have one very distinctive physical property. What is that physical property?

As adorable as they are, these skunks have a very distinct odor.

Odor is a physical property of matter.

Let's apply what we've learned!

Categorize

Options (6)

orange

yellow

sweet

sour

roundish

slightly rough

We are comparing lemons and oranges. Categorize each of the characteristics below as belonging to just oranges, just lemons, or both.

just oranges

just lemons

both

Match

What type of physical properties are the orange and lemon characteristics?

• red and orange

• sweet and sour

• roundish

• slightly rough

color

taste

shape

texture

• color

• taste

• shape

• texture

Taste, shape, and texture are also examples of physical properties!

We already know that color is an example of a physical property.

Match

Look at this adorable bun-bun! Match each of the characteristics below to the correct caterory of physical property.

• soft and fluffy

• whitish-tan

• 8 oz

• solid

• cinnamon and sugar

texture

color

weight

state of matter

odor

• texture

• color

• weight

• state of matter

• odor

Elements, Compounds and Molecules, oh my!

​Molecules & Compounds

​What do aspirin, plastic wrap, and vinegar have in common? Give up? They are all compounds made from different combinations of the same three atoms: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. By themselves, these atoms cannot reduce pain, keep food fresh, or season food. But when they are chemically combined in certain ways to form compounds, they can be useful in many ways.

Open Ended

Give an example of a compound.

​Compounds and Chemical Bonds

​Most matter exists as compounds, not pure elements. That's because most pure elements are unstable. They quickly combine with other elements to make compounds. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen.

What is a compound?

​Compound - a substance whose smallest particle includes more than one element chemically bonded together.

For example, water (H₂O) is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together.

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​

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​Atoms not particles.

Oh yeah! Remember how we've called everything particles before? Now we're going to refer to those tiny particles, as atoms!

​

Atoms are the smallest functional unit of all matter.​

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​

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What is a molecule?

​Molecule - a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds​

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​

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​Compounds ARE molecules. The difference is that a compound is just a specific type of molecule, one that consists of MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF ELEMENT.

​

All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.

​

Elements are molecules too, but they are made up of more than one of the SAME ATOM.

​PUT THIS DIAGRAM IN YOUR NOTES!!! USE COLORED PENCILS!

Draw

Draw and label a molecule of an element, and a molecule of a compound.

​Pure Substance

​This means that Compounds and Elements are Pure substances, but Mixtures are not.

​Even though compounds are made up of more than 1 type of atom, they are pure substances because the atoms are bonded together.

​Mixtures - contain more than 1 type of a substance, without a chemical bond between everything.​

Multiple Select

Choose all the images that represent compounds.

Multiple Select

Choose all the images that represent molecular elements (diatomic elements).

Multiple Select

Choose all the images that represent molecules.

​Virtually everything you interact with is a molecule. The oxygen you breathe is a molecule and a diatomic element (O₂), the food you eat is composed of sugar, fat and protein (all are large compounds), and the water you drink is a compound (H₂O).

Pure Substances & Mixtures

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Both elements and compounds are pure substances. 

• AGREE

• DISAGREE

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a compound?

• Aluminium (Al)

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

• Nitrogen (N)

• Sand

Multiple Select

Identify which images are PURE SUBSTANCES! (Check all that apply) : )

Homogeneous Mixture is uniform and evenly mixed!

Heterogeneous Mixture is NOT uniform and NOT evenly mixed!

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of Mixtures

• Elements and Subatomic Particles

• Protons and Electrons

• Atoms and Compounds

• Homogenous and Heterogeneous

Multiple Choice

In which mixture can you not see all of the parts?

• homogeneous

• heterogeneous

Open Ended

Type 3 examples of a homogeneous mixture

Multiple Choice

In which mixture can you see all of the parts?

• homogeneous

• heterogeneous

Open Ended

Type 3 examples of a heterogeneous mixture

Drag and Drop

Ms. Powers made Kool-Aid for her classes. The sugar and powder mixture was the​

Placeholder

. The water was the ​

Placeholder

. The Kool-Aid was the ​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

solute

solvent

solution

equation

salt

solve

Multiple Choice

A solute is usually a ....

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Multiple Choice

Water is the universal ____.

• solute

• solvent

• solution

Multiple Choice

What is another name for a homogeneous mixture?

• Solute

• Solution

• Heterogeneous mixture

• Solvent

Elements, Compounds, Mixtures

Notes

• ​Pure substance

• Contain only one type of atom

• Cannot be broken down into simpler matter ​

• Can exist as atoms or molecules​

​

Record the information above on your note-taker.

Elements

​

​

Draw

Draw an example of an element.

Draw

Two boxes in the image represent an element. Circle those two boxes.

• Contain atoms of different elements bonded together

• ​Can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means (not physical).

• ​Have properties different than their component elements

Record the information above on your note-taker.

Compounds

​

Draw

Draw an example of a compound.

Draw

One box in the image represents a compound. Circle that box.

Multiple Select

Which elements are present in the compound for Windex?

Check all that apply.

• Nitrogen

• Helium

• Hydrogen

• Nickel

Multiple Select

Which elements are present in the compound for Aspirin?

Check all that apply.

• Cobalt

• Helium

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Contain one or more substances NOT bonded together

• ​Can be separated physically

• Retains many of the properties of the components

Record the information above on your note-taker.

Mixtures

​

Multiple Choice

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Silver (Ag)

• Element

• Compound

• Mixture

Multiple Choice

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Sand (SiO₂)

• Element

• Compound

• Mixture

Multiple Choice

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Oxygen (O)

• Element

• Compound

• Mixture

Multiple Choice

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Salt Water

• Element

• Compound

• Mixture

Multiple Choice

Which jar contains a compound?

• 1st jar

• 2nd jar

• 3rd jar

• 4th jar

Multiple Select

Select the two elements.

• Oxygen

• Carbon Dioxide

• Nitrogen

• Water

Multiple Select

Select the two compounds.

• Oxygen

• Carbon Dioxide

• Nitrogen

• Water

Multiple Choice

How many different elements make-up the compound shown?

• 2

• 3

• 6

• 7

Multiple Choice

Elements, Compounds or Mixtures?

• Elements

• Compounds

• Mixtures

Multiple Choice

Elements, Compounds or Mixtures?

• Elements

• Compounds

• Mixtures

Multiple Choice

Elements, Compounds or Mixtures?

• Elements

• Compounds

• Mixtures

Multiple Choice

Identify the element.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Identify the compound).

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Select

Identify the mixtures.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

A ___ change causes the substance to change to a new substance with different properties.

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

A ____ change only changes the look of the substance but NOT the chemical make-up.

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

The metal of a nail reacted with oxygen and water, and formed a new substance called rust.

• This is a physical change.

• This is a chemical change.

Multiple Choice

What is the evidence of a chemical change when the baking soda was mixed with the vinegar?

• color change and bubbles

• temperature change and bubbles

• formation of a precipitate

• temperature change and formation of a precipitate

Multiple Choice

There are characteristics that differentiate a chemical change from a physical change.  Which statement describes a physical change?

• Iron combines with oxygen to form rust

• Lead is heated and becomes melts into a viscous liquid.

• Sodium metal reacts explosively with oxygen

• Calcium is added to acid and hydrogen gas is produced

Multiple Choice

Lilly performs a lab about physical and chemical changes in her chemistry class.  She mixes sugar into water, until the sugar is completely dissolved.  Her lab partner Stephen thinks it is a chemical change, but Lilly disagrees. 

• They are both correct. It is a physical and a chemical change.

• Lilly is correct. Dissolving sugar in water is a physical change.

• Stephen is correct. Dissolving sugar in water is a chemical change.

• They are both wrong. No change occurred.

Multiple Choice

Jatorian is exploring the properties of iron. She takes a large iron nail and finds that the nail does not attract other metal objects. Next, she uses a battery and copper wire to transform the nail into an electromagnet. When she connects the circuit, the nail becomes magnetic and can pick up small metal objects like paper clips. This is shown in the illustration below.

What best describes what has happened to the iron in the nail that causes it to become magnetic?

• A physical change has occurred, because the chemical properties of the iron remain the same.

• A physical change has occurred, because there is a chemical attraction between the iron and paper clips.

• A chemical change has occurred, because there is a chemical attraction between the iron and paper clips.

• A chemical change has occurred, because the chemical energy in the battery is transformed into magnetic energy in the iron.

Multiple Choice

Review the information in the graph. Which of these statements is true?

• The change from ice of liquid water is a chemical change.

• The change from liquid water to water vapor is a physical change.

• It takes the same amount of time for ice to melt as it does for liquid water to become water vapor.

• The change from ice to liquid water to water vapor shows a decrease in mass due to the changes in states of matter.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?

• crumpled paper

• shrunken clothing

• pencil sharpening

• rust

Multiple Choice

A change where one or more new substances are created.

• physical

• chemical

Multiple Choice

In the video, you saw a rusted nail. The rusting of iron needs

• Hydrogen and Oxygen

• Air and Water

• Air and Gas

Multiple Choice

The rusting of the nail was a

• Physical Change

• Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

In the video, "Elephant Toothpaste,'' what kind of change does the elephant toothpaste demonstration show?

• Physical Change

• Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

In the video, "Elephant Toothpaste," what evidence did you observe that made you come to that conclusion?

• Freezing

• Melting

• Rusting

• gas (bubbles)

Multiple Choice

In "Color changing milk" different food colorings were added to a tray of milk then a cotton swab was twirled in the milk to make some dramatic color patterns. Based on your observations, is this a physical change or chemical change?

• Physical Change

• Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

In the demonstration "Color changing milk" can we use "color change" as evidence that it was a chemical change?

• Yes, color change is ALWAYS evidence of a chemical change

• No, color can be evidence of a chemical change but not when you apply the color. This was a physical change.

Multiple Choice

In the video, a pan of boiling water was thrown into the air, evaporating almost instantly. This is an example of a ________

• Physical Change

• Chemical Change

Multiple Choice

In the video, boiling water evaporated almost instantly in -45 degree cold. Which of the following statements is true?

• It is a physical change because evaporation is a State of Matter change.

• It is a chemical change because evaporation is a state of matter change

Multiple Choice

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• physical

• chemical

Multiple Choice

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Rotting banana

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Wadding up Paper

• physical change

• chemical change

Multiple Choice

What does chopping, melting, crushing, breaking glass, ripping up paper and getting paper or clothing wet mean?

• Chemical changes

• Chemical and physical changes

• Physical changes only

• Both the first and the second answer are correct.

Multiple Choice

Melting Cheese

• physical change

• chemical change

Multiple Choice

Bicycle Rusting

• physical change

• chemical change

Multiple Choice

Milk Souring

• physical change

• chemical change

Multiple Choice

Cutting a tree limb into logs is (a)____________ and burning them in the fireplace is (b)____________.

• (a) A Physical Change

  (b) Also a Physical Change

• (a) A Physical Change

  (b) A Chemical Change

• (a) A Chemical Change

  (b) Also a Chemical Change

• (a) A Chemical Change

  (b) A Physical Change

Multiple Choice

In this example, there is no gas produced, no temperature change, no odor, and no solids formed. This must be a _________ change.

• Physical

• Emotional

• Hypothetical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Burning Wood

• physical change

• chemical change

Multiple Choice

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

Water + Kool-aid Powder.

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Choice

The metal is rusting.

Is it a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Multiple Select

Choose all of the following that are PHYSICAL changes.

Multiple Select

Choose all of the following that are CHEMICAL changes.