Stem Anatomy

Multiple Choice

Rhizomes are...

• modified stems that run above ground

• modified stems that store nutrients

• modified stems that run below ground

• modified stems that are used for reproduction

Multiple Choice

One of the main functions of stems is to

• carry out photosynthesis.

• transport substances between roots and leaves.

• store carbohydrates.

• store water.

Multiple Choice

What are the four main functions of stems in plants?

• Transport water and minerals

• Support leaves, flowers, and fruits

• Store food and water

• Transport sugars and photosynthesis products

Multiple Choice

What are the external structures of stems?

• Lenticels

• Leaf scars

• Buds

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are the main differences between woody and herbaceous stems?

• Woody stems are soft and flexible, while herbaceous stems are tough and thickened.

• Woody stems are tough and long-lived, while herbaceous stems are soft and usually annual plants.

• Woody stems are green and flexible, while herbaceous stems are tough and thickened.

• Woody stems are usually annual plants, while herbaceous stems are long-lived.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference in the arrangement of vascular bundles between dicot and monocot stems?

• Dicot stems have vascular bundles scattered throughout.

• Monocot stems have vascular bundles arranged in a ring.

• Dicot stems have vascular bundles arranged in a ring.

• Monocot stems have cambium present.

Multiple Choice

What are the functions of the phloem cell and xylem tube in a monocot stem?

• Carries food to roots

• Carries water and minerals upwards

• Provides structural support

• Stores nutrients

Multiple Choice

What are the three types of stem modifications illustrated in the images?

• Tubers

• Rhizomes

• Stolons

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What are modified stems that run above ground called?

• Rhizomes

• Stranger roots

• Pneumatophores

• Stolons

Open Ended

How can you tell the difference between monocot and dicot stems internally?

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part A

• Terminal bud

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part B

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part C

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part D

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part E

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

Identify stem part F

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Internode

• Axillary Bud

Multiple Choice

What is the specialized stem which is usually laying horizontally above the soil?

• d. Rhizome

• a. Apical meristem

• b. Bud scale

• c. Corm

Multiple Choice

What is the location on the stem where leaves and buds are attached?

• d. Xylem

• c. Node

• b. Internode

• a. Bulb

Multiple Choice

What are tube shaped cells inside of a stem which carry food down from the leaves?

• d. Pith

• c. Xylem

• b. Phloem

• a. Cambium

Multiple Choice

What is the actively growing tip found inside a terminal or lateral bud?

• b. Lenticel

• d. Leaf scar

• c. Terminal bud

• a. Apical meristem

Multiple Choice

What is the mark on the outside of a stem which allows gas to be exchanged?

• b. Corm

• d. Rhizome

• a. Bud scale scar

• c. Lenticel

Multiple Choice

What is the area on a stem which lies between two leaves or buds?

• a. Internode

• b. Leaf scar

• c. Node

• d. Xylem

Multiple Choice

What is the small protective structure which can be seen on the outside of a bud?

• a. Bud scale

• b. Bud scale scar

• c. Lateral bud

• d. Terminal bud

Multiple Choice

Mark on the stem where the leaf used to be

• Leaf Scar

• Lenticel

• Node

• Bulb

Match

Match the following

• Specialized stem made of a short flat stem with many fleshy leaves attached
• Specialized stem which has a tip that is swollen with stored food
• Mark on a stem which shows where last year's bud was
• Specialized stem which grows horizontally underground and produces roots and shoots
• A bud which is found on the side of the branch in conjunction with a leaf

bulb

tuber

node

rhizome

lateral bud

• bulb
• tuber
• node
• rhizome
• lateral bud

Multiple Choice

What is the tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upwards from the root?

• a. Cambium

• b. Xylem

• c. Phloem

• d. Pith

Multiple Choice

Which of these is NOT a function of the stem?

• transportation of materials

• food storage

• support leaves and upper portion of the plant

• support the plant by anchoring in the soil.

Multiple Choice

A bulb shaped specialized stem which is made of solid stem with no leaves

• Corn

• Borm

• Born

• Corm