Transfusion Reactions

Multiple Choice

Who are considered universal donors in terms of blood transfusions?

• Individuals with blood type B
• Individuals with blood type A
• Individuals with blood type AB
• Individuals with blood type O

Multiple Choice

What antibodies can be found in the plasma when someone has blood type A?

• none

• A

• B

• A and B

Multiple Choice

Which blood type can receive any other blood type?

• Type-A
• Type-B
• Type-O
• Type-AB

Multiple Choice

A 27-year-old woman has a 'group and save' blood test taken prior to an elective Caesarian section. The blood test comes back and the woman is told that her blood type is 'A negative'. Which of the following antibodies would you expect to find in her blood?

• Anti-A antibodies

• Anti-B antibodies

• Anti-O antibodies

• Anti-AB antibodies

• Anti-D antibodies

Multiple Select

The woman following her C section is given a transfusion. She is later approached by the nurse who informs her that she has been prescribed an injection of 'anti-D immunoglobulin'. Why is this injection indicated for this patient?

• She is rhesus negative

• She had a traumatic birth

• Her baby is rhesus negative

• She may have another baby in future

• She has received more than three units of blood

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a special condition that changes the transfusion target?

• Acute Coronary Syndrome

• Portal Hypertension

• Ascites

• Anaemia

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand the appropriate targets for blood transfusion in clinical practice?

Multiple Choice

Which blood product typically requires the longest transfusion time?

• Platelets

• FFP

• Cryoprecipitate

• RBC

Multiple Select

Which of the following are minor symptoms of a transfusion reaction?

• Dyspnoea

• Chills

• Urticaria

• Haemoglobinuria

Multiple Select

Which of the following is considered a severe symptom of a transfusion reaction?

• Urticaria

• Hypotension

• Fever >1.5 degrees from baseline

• Respiratory distress

Multiple Select

Which of the following are possible complications of blood transfusion?

• Haemolytic Reactions

• Febrile reactions

• Hypertension

• TRALI

Multiple Choice

What is the primary cause of hemolytic reactions during blood transfusion?

• Bacterial contamination

• Antibodies in the recipient against donor red cells

• Volume overload

• Cytokine release

Multiple Choice

Which complication of transfusion is associated with volume overload and presents with dyspnoea and tachypnoea?

• TRALI

• TACO

• Febrile reaction

• Urticarial reaction

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of TRALI?

• Dyspnoea

• Hypoxia

• Urticaria

• Hypotension

Multiple Choice

What is the immediate action to take if any symptoms develop during a blood transfusion?

• Continue the transfusion and monitor closely

• Reduce the transfusion rate

• Stop the transfusion immediately

• Administer antihistamines

Multiple Select

Which of the following patients may require irradiated blood products?

• Patients with a history of Hodgkin's disease

• Patients treated with purine analogues

• Patients with congenital immunodeficiency states

• Patients with hypertension

Multiple Select

Which of the following are recommended strategies for the prevention of TACO?

• Avoid unnecessary transfusions

• Rapid transfusion over 1 hour

• Weight-adjusted red cell dosing for low body weight patients

• Diuretics with transfusion

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about blood transfusion?

Any questions placed below will have a detailed answer posted on canvas by Monday.