Strong Nuclear Force woth notes

​Four forces #3
Strong nuclear force

By Dominick Virola IPC

​Nuclear forces were discovered in the 20th century, when we began to work with the atom. Strong nuclear forces are between protons and neutrons. Weak nuclear forces occur between radioactive particles and electrons that do not experience strong nuclear force.

​Strong nuclear force is the strongest force of the four. It holds the fundamentals of matter together. Part of the strong nuclear force keeps protons and neutrons, the nucleons, together in the nucleus of the atom even given the strong repellent force of the positively charged protons. This force acts over a very small distance, though particles have to be within the diameter of a proton of each other.

This force differs from the other forces in that it gets weaker as the particles get closer together. This force is actually strongest when the particles are farthest apart. Force-carrying particles called bosons, in this case specifically gluons, keep the particles “glued” together.

In a star, the gravity and the mass are so great that the nuclei of atoms are pushed together. As they get close enough to each other, the nuclei fuse with each other. This process causes the nuclei to lose mass and release large amounts of energy and is called fusion. This is different from the process of fission. In fission, the nucleus of an atom breaks in two, breaking the hold of the strong force. As these two new nuclei break apart, they cause other nuclei nearby to break apart, creating a chain reaction. This releases massive amounts of energy, like what is found in an atomic bomb. The nucleus can be broken apart when it is bombarded with a neutron or gamma rays. These processes take advantage of a mass defect. The mass of the nucleus is less than the mass of the protons and neutrons. The missing mass is converted into energy based on the mass–energy equivalence.

​Mass–energy equivalence is a special idea in science that says energy and mass are related and under certain circumstances, can be converted into each other. This was explained by Albert Einstein using the equation, E=mc²,where E is energy, m is mass and c is the speed of light constant. The idea is that small amounts of mass can be converted to large amounts of energy or vice versa, large amounts of energy can be converted to small amount of mass

Use Your Notes from the last 3 days to answer the following questions.

This is week 8, please pay attention to your work and your grades. There are 2 weeks remaining before the report card.

Day 1 - Gravitational Force (weakest)
Day 2 - Electromagnetic Force (2nd strongest)
Day 3 - Strong Nuclear Force (strongest)

Multiple Choice

What is the strong force?

• The strong force is a fundamental force that holds the nucleus of an atom together.

• The strong force is a force that repels particles in the nucleus of an atom.

• The strong force is a force that attracts electrons to the nucleus of an atom.

• The strong force is a force that only affects protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of the strong force in atomic nuclei?

• It determines the atomic number of the element.

• It controls the movement of electrons in the atomic nucleus.

• It holds the protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus.

• It repels the protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus.

Multiple Choice

What is the relative strength of the strong force compared to other fundamental forces?

• Strongest

• Nonexistent

• Moderate

• Weakest

Exit ticket - You will need all notes

Multiple Choice

A magnet has two magnetic poles. Those poles are ...

• South Pole

  West Pole

• East Pole

  West Pole

• North Pole

  West Pole

• North Pole

  South Pole

Multiple Choice

Can magnetism go through objects?

• yes

• no

Multiple Choice

The greater the distance between magnets, the _________ the force between them.

• greater

• weaker

Multiple Choice

Two factors effecting the magnitude of the force of gravity between 2 objects are...

• Mass and Distance 
• Mass and Matter
• Distance and Weight 
• Weight and Mass

Multiple Choice

How does increasing the charge of two objects affect the electrical force between them?

• The force decreases

• The force remains the same

• The force increases

• The force becomes zero

Multiple Choice

Rank the four fundamental forces of nature in order from weakest to strongest:  

• Electromagnetism, Gravity, Strong Nuclear, Weak Nuclear
• Weak Nuclear, Gravity, Electromagnetism, Strong Nuclear
• Gravity, Weak Nuclear,  Electromagnetism, Strong Nuclear
• Weak Nuclear, Electromagnetism, Gravity, Strong Nuclear

Multiple Choice

Which one is balanced?

• top

• bottom

• both

• Neither is balanced

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 17 N Right
• 3 N Right
• 3 N Left
• 17 N Left

Multiple Choice

Calculate the net force shown in the  diagram?

• 41 N
• 25 N
• 16 N
• 9 N

Multiple Choice

The splitting of a nucleus into smaller nuclei is

• fusion
• fission
• half-life
• gamma radiation

Multiple Choice

Takes two small nuclei and combines them into a larger nucleus

• Fission

• Fusion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following forces is the weakest among the four fundamental forces?

• Electromagnetic force

• Gravitational force

• Strong nuclear force

• Weak nuclear force

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes mass-energy equivalency?

• Energy can be converted into mass and vice versa

• Mass and energy are unrelated

• Mass is always greater than energy

• Energy is always greater than mass

Multiple Choice

What is the force acting between any two objects in the known universe all the time?

• Gravitational Force 
• Force of Friction 
• Normal Force 
• Electromagnetic Force 

Multiple Choice

Gravity attracts all objects towards one another.

• False
• True
• It depends