Enzymes and Their Actions

​Enzymes and their actions

By Kurt Trout

Enzymes

Biological Catalysts

Enzymes are Biological Catalysts

• They are proteins

• Catalysts speed up chemical reactions

• Structure = Function: Enzymes are specific to their Substrate (reactants). Active site of the enzymes fits together with the substrate(s)

• Different reactions require different enzymes

2 Why do living things need chemical reactions?

• Some reactions release energy; others require energy. Energy changes determine whether a chemical reaction will occur.

• The energy needed to get a reaction started is called activation energy.

2 Why do living things need chemical reactions?

• Enzymes work to lower activation energy. Enzymes are called biological catalysts.

Multiple Choice

What is the function of an enzyme?

• to speed up chemical reactions in a cell

• to receive messages

• to carry molecules across membranes

• to turn on or turn off genes

Multiple Choice

What is the name of structure A?

• Active Site
• Substrate
• Enzyme-Substrate Complex
• Product

Multiple Choice

What is the name of structure D?

• Active Site
• Substrate
• Enzyme-Substrate Complex
• Products

Multiple Choice

Letter D...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

In the diagram, what is letter A? 

• product
• substrate
• enzyme-substrate complex
• active site

Multiple Choice

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

• lowering the activation energy.
• raising the activation energy.
• releasing energy.
• absorbing energy.

Multiple Choice

Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.

• faster, less
• faster, more
• slower, less
• slower, more

​Means to make something. Taking 2 different monomers and putting them together to make a polymer

​​Synthesis

​Means to split, divide, break something. Taking a polymer and splitting it apart.

​​Hydrolysis

This means the reaction is using WATER, or H2O to either combine or split the molecules.

​

​Dehydration Reactions

In this, a water molecule (H20) is used to SPLIT a polymer into smaller molecules.

​

​Hydrolysis Reaction

Lysis means to break apart.
Hydrolysis means to break polymers into monomers, by using H2O. It RELEASES energy to happen.

​Hydrolysis

Synthesis means to BUILD!
This is the process of putting TOGETHER monomers to make polymers, by using H2O. It REQUIRES energy.

​Dehydration Synthesis

Monomers to Polymers, and back....

Multiple Choice

Connects monomers to form a polymer

• Dehydration synthesis
• hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

Breaks polymers to form a monomers

• Dehydration synthesis
• hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

Produces water as a by-product

• Dehydration synthesis
• Hydolysis

Multiple Choice

A _________ reaction removes a molecule of water to bond molecules together to create a polymer.

• hydrolysis

• water

• dehydration synthesis

• magical

Multiple Choice

Which type of reaction is shown?

• Dehydration Synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

What type of reaction is shown?

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

Which type of reaction is shown?

• Dehydration Synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

The following figure is illustrating

• Dehydration Synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

The following figure is illustrating

• Dehydration Synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Drag and Drop

In a dehydration synthesis, water is used to ​

Placeholder

a polymer, where in hydrolysis, water is used to​

Placeholder

a polymer

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

create

break apart

Multiple Choice

The creating of Polymers

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

The breaking of Polymers

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Multiple Choice

Hydrolisis _____ water

• produces

• requires

Multiple Choice

Dehydration Synthesis _____ water

• produces

• requires

Hotspot

Where is the water molecule?

Hotspot

Click on the hydrolysis reaction

Hotspot

Click on the dehydration synthesis reaction