Predicting Products

Predicting Products

With Acids and Bases

Open Ended

Which equations do not belong in both groups?

Multiple Choice

$$2Na\ +\ Cl_2\ \rightarrow\ 2NaCl$$  

Before we begin... Which side of my reaction are my products and reactants?

• Products on the left side; Reactants on the right side

• Products on the right side; Reactants on the left side

Combustion Reactions

 $CH_3OH(l)+O_2(g)➝CO_2(g)+H_2O(l)$  

• How can we tell this is a combustion reaction?

Multiple Choice

How can we tell this is a combustion reaction?

• It reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water

• The product is always Oxygen

• Hydrocarbons cause it to react

Synthesis Reaction

 $P_2O_5(g)+H_2O(l)➝H_3PO_4(aq)$  

• 2 or more Reactants form a new Product

Decomposition Reactions

 $AlBr_3(s)➝Al(s)+Br_2(l)$  

• Decompose

• 1 Reactant breakdowns into 2 or more products

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a decomposition reaction?

• $$B_2O_3(s)+H_2O(l)➝H_3BO_3(aq)$$

• $$2Sc(OH)_3(s)➝Sc_2O_3(s)+3H_2O(l)$$
  

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a Synthesis reaction?

• $$B_2O_3(s)+H_2O(l)➝H_3BO_3(aq)$$

• $$2Sc(OH)_3(s)➝Sc_2O_3(s)+3H_2O(l)$$
  

Double replacement

A double replacement reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds that trade

places with two elements

NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) ➝ AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Single replacement reactions

involves a reaction

between a compound and an element so that the element replaces an element of the same

type in the compound. The result is a new compound and a new element.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a double replacement reaction?

• $$2K(s)+Cu(NO3)2(aq)➝2KNO3(aq)+Cu(s)$$
  

• $$NaCl(aq)+AgNO3(aq)➝AgCl(s)+NaNO3(aq)$$

Acids and Bases

• Remember: They are NOT opposites of each other

• We use the pH scale to measure how basic and how acidic a solution is

Multiple Select

Which of the following pH numbers are considered to be acidic?

• pH 2

• pH 5

• pH 7

• pH 9

• pH 11

Multiple Select

Which of the following pH numbers are considered to be basic?

• pH 3

• pH 5

• pH 7

• pH 8

• pH 13

What happens when acids and bases react?

A neutralization reaction always occurs between an acid and a base. The products are

always water and a salt.

 $NaOH\ +\ HCl\ \rightarrow\ NaCl\ +\ H_2O$  

Sodium Hydroxide reacts with Hydrochloric Acid to produce Sodium Chloride and Water


Sodium Hydroxide is the Base
Hydrochloric Acid is the Acid

Sodium Chloride is the Salt
 Water is Water

So, what exactly is happening?

• The salt is composed of the cation from the base and the anion from the acid.

• The hydrogen ion from the acid and the hydroxide ion from the base combine to form the water.

So, what exactly is happening?

• Essentially, the hydrogen from Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) traded places with Sodium (Na)

• This is a double replacement reaction!

 $HBr\ +\ KOH\ \rightarrow\ KBr\ +\ H_2O$  

Hydrobromic Acid (HBr) reacts with Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) to produce Potassium Bromide and Water 

 $HBr\ +\ KOH\ \rightarrow\ KBr\ +\ H_2O$  

Bromine is the anion and potassium is the cation.

So, bromine and potassium form the salt

H+ from HBr and OH- from KOH form Water (H2O)