Transcription & Translation

Multiple Choice

What is a Gene?

• A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
• A chromosome
• A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
• Your genome

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: RNA polymerase starts from the 3’ end adding RNA nucleotides complementary to the DNA strand. For example, ATG on the DNA strand would be ___ on the new RNA strand.

Multiple Select

What are the two protective caps that need to be added to mRNA before it leaves the nucleus?

• 5' cap- GTP

• 3' cap- poly A tail

• 5' cap- ATP

• 3' cap- GTP

Reorder

Put the following steps of transcription in the correct order

• Transcription factors and RNA polymerase bind to the promoter region (TATA box).

• RNA polymerase pulls the double helix strands apart to reveal the nucleotide sequence of the template strand.

• RNA nucleotides are added to the 3’ end of the growing strand of mRNA.

• The termination sequence is transcribed and the RNA polymerase falls off.

• mRNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore.

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

What does the codon CAC represent?

• Cysteine

• Histidine

• Leucine

• Tryptophan

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between the codon and the anticodon in the given diagram?

• The codon is complementary to the anticodon

• The codon is identical to the anticodon

• The codon is the reverse of the anticodon

• The codon and anticodon are unrelated

Multiple Choice

What is the role of tRNA in the process of translation?

• To carry amino acids to the ribosome

• To transcribe DNA into mRNA

• To bind to ribosomes only

• To initiate the process of transcription

Multiple Choice

What is the role of the stop codon in the translation process?

• It initiates translation

• It releases the polypeptide

• It binds to tRNA

• It synthesizes mRNA

Fill in the Blank

Using the chart with its abbreviated amino acid names, TRANSLATE the following sequence of mRNA: AUG GCU UAA

Multiple Choice

When gene expression occurs

• A gene is mutated with either an insertion or deletion

• The gene is removed from the genotype in that cell

• The gene is passed on to the daughter cells during mitosis

• The gene is activated and used in protein synthesis