Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering as currently conceived:

• Has occurred spontaneously in nature for centuries.

• Selective breeding was carried out among individuals and the expected results were always obtained.

• Genetic engineering has not yet been developed.

• It was first developed in the 20th century thanks to advances in knowledge of the structure of the mechanisms of transmission and expression of genetic information.

Indicate which of the following elements is not involved in recombinant DNA technology:

• Restriction enzyme.

• Transfer vector.

• DNA ligase.

• DNA polymerase.

Which of the following techniques is not a genetic engineering technique?

• Fermentation.

• PCR.

• DNA sequencing.

• Recombinant DNA technology.

Transfer vectors:

• Are host cells that have received a new gene.

• Are enzymes that bind DNA segments

• Are plasmids and viruses which act as carrier vehicles.

• Are the enzymes that are responsible for cutting DNA segments.

Hair samples found at the crime scene during a murder investigation were used to obtain the genetic profile. The sample was checked against the 3 suspects. Which of the suspects committed the crime?

• Suspect 3.

• Any of them could be the killer.

• Suspect 1.

• Suspect 2.

Studying the human genome, it has been found that:

• A mouse has fewer genes than humans.

• A worm and a fly have the same number of genes as humans.

• A chimpanzee and a mouse have the same number of genes as humans.

• A plant such as Arabidopsis thaliana has more genes than humans.

Which of these statements on genetic profiling is not correct:

• Each person has a characteristic DNA.

• A genetic profile can be obtained by fragmenting a person's DNA with restriction enzymes.

• A genetic profile can identify individuals based on analysis of their DNA.

• A genetic profile cannot be obtained in fragmenting a person's DNA with restriction enzymes.

Which of the following is not a goal of the Human Genome Project:

• To sequence human DNA, locate genes on chromosomes and identify their function.

• To detect disease causing genes and discover how they work.

• To ensure individuals can develop their desired physical characteristics.

• To develop gene therapies and drugs to treat diseases caused by certain genes.

Genetic engineering as currently conceived:

• Selective breeding was carried out among individuals and the expected results were always obtained.

• Genetic engineering has not yet been developed.

• Has occurred spontaneously in nature for centuries.

• Was first developed in the 20th century thanks to advances in knowledge of the structure of the mechanisms of transmission and expression of genetic information.

Which of the following problems would you relate to this control measure: "The transgenic organisms applied in agriculture, livestock and industry should be available to all countries".

• Knowledge of the human genome of a person and possible genetic diseases could result in a person being marginalised socially or at work.

• Knowledge of the genome of a person and possible diseases is essential in order to find employment.

• The possible appearance of allergies to food from transgenic plants.

• The development of new biotechnological techniques requires significant financial investment which could widen the gap between rich and poor countries.