AP Biology Review: Membranes & Transport

Which statement is correct about diffusion?

• It's very rapid over long distances.
• It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.
• It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.
• It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.

Which of the following is major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

• evolutionary progression in cell size; more primitive cells have smaller sizes.
• the need for sufficient surface area to support the cell's metabolic needs.
• limitation on the strength and integrity of the plasma membrane as cell size increases
• the difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?

• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
• The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
• It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
• The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?

• CO₂
• an amino acid
• starch
• glucose

In biological membranes, the phospholipids are arranged in a _______, with the_______.

• bilayer; fatty acids pointing toward each other
• bilayer; fatty acids facing outward
• single layer; fatty acids facing the interior of the cell
• single layer; phosphorus-containing region facing the interior of the cell

In an isotonic solution, the NET flow of water is 

• into the cell.
• out of the cell.
• there is no net flow of water.

A HYPERTONIC solution has a _____ concentration of solute than the interior of the cell and a cell will ______ when placed into this solution.

• lower; shrink
• lower; swell
• higher; shrink
• higher; swell

In a solution, salt is considered the _______.

• solvent
• solute
• solution

Which of the following does NOT describe an aquaporin?

• a transport protein
• amphipathic
• water travels through it
• it requires energy (ATP) to function

Which of the following substances can not cross the cell membrane on its own without the assistance of a transport protein?

• carbon dioxide
• carbon monoxide
• oxygen
• glucose