Wingenbach Research Design_Variables and Hypotheses

The variable manipulated by the researcher in an experiment is called the

• response variable.

• independent variable.

• dependent variable.

• extraneous variable.

A researcher conducted an experiment to see if increasing water consumption lessens the visible effects of rosacea, a common skin condition. The dependent variable in this experiment was

• rosacea.

• increased water consumption.

• the amount of water consumed.

• the visible condition of the skin.

Which of the following would not be an appropriate synonym for the dependent variable?

• outcome variable

• response variable

• effected variable

• experimental variable

An example of a quantitative variable is the

• month of birth.

• highest educational degree earned.

• time taken to complete a spatial reasoning task.

• telephone area code.

If a researcher studies fourth-grade students to determine the effects of rewarding good behavior on subsequent behavior, which of the following is least likely to be an extraneous variable?

• student grade level

• student attitude

• teacher characteristics

• parent's parenting style

What type of research would be least likely to include a research hypothesis?

• intervention research

• associational research

• descriptive research

• None of these would be likely to include a research hypothesis.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between a hypothesis and a theory?

• A theoretical prediction can be stated as a specific hypothesis.

• When a hypothesis has been proven it becomes a theory.

• Weak theories are hypotheses, and strong theories are scientific laws.

• "Theory" is another name for hypothesis.

An example of a categorical variable is

• teacher hair color.

• the time it takes a teacher to grade an essay.

• the length a teacher has to walk from the office to her class.

• the time is takes for a teacher to drive to work.

Which variables are those that a researcher chooses to study in order to assess their possible effects on one or more other variables?

• dependent

• independent

• extraneous

• none of these

This variable is influenced by the independent variable.

• manipulated

• extraneous

• dependent

• all of these