Enzymes, Macromolecules, and Organelles

__________ fats or lipids form animal body fat that is used for stored energy and insulation.

• Hydrogenated

• Reconstituted

• Saturated

• Unsaturated

Chemically speaking, enzymes are composed of chains of _________________, and they are considered to be a type of __________________.

• fatty acids, lipid

• amino acids, protein

• nucleotides, nucleic acid

• monosaccharides, carbohydrate

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

All of the following are true facts about enzymes EXCEPT

• all living cells have enzymes.

• life would not be possible without enzymes.

• enzymes can speed chemical reactions by 100s to billions of times.

• there are a few types of enzymes, but they each perform many types of reactions.

The human body contains many different types of glands; glands that secrete digestive enzymes, mucus, and sweat. These secretions are modified, sorted, and packaged for later release from gland cells.

What cellular organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids?

• ribosomes

• Golgi bodies

• mitochondria

• endoplasmic reticulum

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Homeostasis (keep stability) will be MOST affected by the removal of the

• vacuole.

• cell wall.

• chloroplast.

• cell membrane.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

An enzyme known as amylase is found in the saliva of humans. This enzyme helps to begin the process of digesting starch molecules in the foods we eat. Which of these BEST describes how enzymes like amylase help in the process of digestion?

• Amylase acts as a buffer to keep the pH of foods at a consistent level.

• Amylase breaks down the food molecules directly by forming powerful acids.

• Amylase is a catalyst that speeds up the chemical process of breaking down food molecules.

• Amylase contains the DNA molecules necessary to assemble the proteins needed for digestion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

· cell membranes

· large biomolecule

· many high energy bonds

· nonpolar covalent bonds

· includes waxes and steroids

· consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen

· more energy per gram than other biomolecules

The biomolecule described is a

• carbohydrate.

• lipid.

• monosaccharide.

• protein.

All living things need energy; it is a requirement for life. In a typical cell, ATP, the high energy molecule, is produced in the __________ in the presence of a sugar (glucose) and ______________.

• nucleus; oxygen.

• ER; carbon dioxide.

• mitochondria; oxygen.

• vacuole; water vapor.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3